Obesity and risk of pneumonia in patients with influenza

Schréter, Ivan; Kristián, Pavol; Tkáčová, Ružena

doi:10.1183/09031936.00188610

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Though studies report conflicting findings, some studies suggest that obesity and related chronic conditions increase the risk of influenza and other acute respiratory infections. [6][7][8][9] Behavioral factors associated with obesity, such as a low consumption of fruits and vegetables and physical inactivity, may independently increase rates of infection but there is limited empirical evidence of an association between acute respiratory infections and diet ⁄ exercise after accounting for obesity. Any observed association between diet ⁄ exercise and risk of infection could primarily be attributed to their correlation with body mass index (BMI).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between community prevalence of obesity and associated behavioral factors and community rates of influenza‐related hospitalizations in the United States

Charland

Buckeridge

Hoen

et al. 2012

Influenza Resp Viruses

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Please cite this paper as: Charland et al.(2012) Relationship between community prevalence of obesity and associated behavioral factors and community rates of influenza‐related hospitalizations in the United States. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses DOI: 10.1111/irv.12019. Background Findings from studies examining the association between obesity and acute respiratory infection are inconsistent. Few studies have assessed the relationship between obesity‐related behavioral factors, such as diet and exercise, and risk of acute respiratory infection. Objective To determine whether community prevalence of obesity, low fruit/vegetable consumption, and physical inactivity are associated with influenza‐related hospitalization rates. Methods Using data from 274 US counties, from 2002 to 2008, we regressed county influenza‐related hospitalization rates on county prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 30), low fruit/vegetable consumption (<5 servings/day), and physical inactivity (<30 minutes/month recreational exercise), while adjusting for community‐level confounders such as insurance coverage and the number of primary care physicians per 100 000 population. Results A 5% increase in obesity prevalence was associated with a 12% increase in influenza‐related hospitalization rates [adjusted rate ratio (ARR) 1·12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·07, 1·17]. Similarly, a 5% increase in the prevalence of low fruit/vegetable consumption and physical inactivity was associated with an increase of 12% (ARR 1·12, 95% CI 1·08, 1·17) and 11% (ARR 1·11, 95% CI 1·07, 1·16), respectively. When all three variables were included in the same model, a 5% increase in prevalence of obesity, low fruit/vegetable consumption, and physical inactivity was associated with 6%, 8%, and 7% increases in influenza‐related hospitalization rates, respectively. Conclusions Communities with a greater prevalence of obesity were more likely to have high influenza‐related hospitalization rates. Similarly, less physically active populations, with lower fruit/vegetable consumption, tended to have higher influenza‐related hospitalization rates, even after accounting for obesity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between community prevalence of obesity and associated behavioral factors and community rates of influenza‐related hospitalizations in the United States

Charland

Buckeridge

Hoen

et al. 2012

Influenza Resp Viruses

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“…This is a sign of lower respiratory tract impairment and is associated with a higher risk of pneumonia. 13…”

Section: Influenza Infection In Humans: Clinical Expression and Impac...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Obesity on the Host–Pathogen Interaction with Influenza Viruses – Novel Insights: Narrative Review

Miron,

Drăgănescu,

Pițigoi

et al. 2024

DMSO

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After exposure to a viral pathogen, the host-pathogen interaction is essential to determine whether or not infection will ensue, and what the clinical outline of the infection will be. Recent research has shown that the patient with obesity presents a set of particular pathophysiological changes that lead to higher severity of viral infections, and this is particularly true for infection with influenza viruses. Herein, we describe the main metabolic, endocrine, and immune dysregulations that occur in the presence of obesity and their impact on driving intra-host viral diversity, leading to heightened severity and virulence of influenza. We show that obesity is linked to modified responses of both the innate and adaptive immune systems during viral infections, including influenza. Due to chronic inflammation and metabolic, endocrine, and signaling pathway disruptions, individuals with obesity have a suboptimal immune response. This results in longer illness duration, increased virus shedding, higher risk of hospitalization and complications, and greater mortality rates. Additionally, they may have a blunted response to vaccination and a higher likelihood of genetic mutation selection. Understanding the intricate interplay between obesity and viral pathogenesis is crucial for developing efficacious therapeutic approaches and public health policies, particularly in light of the escalating worldwide incidence of obesity.

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“…Influenza vaccination is reducing hospitalisations and mortality among patients with cardiovascular diseases and chronic lung diseases (Nichol 2003, Simpson 2010. Morbid obesity (BMI≥40) has been detected as a novel risk factor for severe influenza outcome after infection with A(H1N1)pdm09 (Schreter 2011. The increased risk among obese is related to impairment of the immune system due to defects in T cell function (Paich 2013).…”

Section: Influenza Vaccination and Clinical Risk Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary care utilization among patients with influenza during the 2009 pandemic. Does risk for severe influenza disease or prior contact with the general practitioner have any influence?

et al. 2014

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Obesity and risk of pneumonia in patients with influenza

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Relationship between community prevalence of obesity and associated behavioral factors and community rates of influenza‐related hospitalizations in the United States

Relationship between community prevalence of obesity and associated behavioral factors and community rates of influenza‐related hospitalizations in the United States

The Impact of Obesity on the Host–Pathogen Interaction with Influenza Viruses – Novel Insights: Narrative Review

Primary care utilization among patients with influenza during the 2009 pandemic. Does risk for severe influenza disease or prior contact with the general practitioner have any influence?

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