Obesity and risk of age-related eye diseases: a systematic review of prospective population-based studies

Ling, Clarissa Ng Yin; Lim, Su Chi; Jonas, Jost B.; Sabanayagam, Charumathi

doi:10.1038/s41366-021-00829-y

Cited by 30 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…Another study found no association of body weight alone but there was an association with weight and smoking in an Indian population [ 58 ]. A recent systematic review showed evidence of a positive association between BMI-defined obesity and AMD in Western populations but not in Asian populations [ 59 ]. Additionally, physical activity has been claimed to display a protective association with the incidence and progression of AMD [ 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the administration of cholesterol-lowering medication i.e., statins, which seem to be protective for early and wet AMD [ 59 , 60 ], it has been thought that the individual’s social-economic status may influence his/her risk of developing AMD [ 61 ]. People with a low income have a higher prevalence of AMD, partly explained by the lower nutritional quality of their diet [ 61 , 62 , 63 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Dietary Supplementations on Delaying the Progression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2022

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Purpose: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a neurodegenerative ophthalmic disease. The purpose of this systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis was to evaluate if dietary supplementation alone or in combinations might delay the progression of any of the stages of AMD. Methods: A SR and meta-analysis identifying cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of supplements in patients diagnosed with AMD. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINHAL, and Cochrane were searched through 8th October 2021. Results: Twenty studies, examining 5634 participants ranging from 55 to 80 years, were included in the SR. Eight studies were selected for meta-analysis (414 and 216 subjects in the intervention and control groups). Lutein and zeaxanthin plus n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) supplementation showed significant improvements in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (SMD: −1.99, 95% CI: −3.33, −0.65) compared to the control group. Multifocal electroretinogram results (mfERG) were significantly improved overall (SMD: 4.59, 95% CI: 1.75, 7.43) after L plus Z supplementation. Conclusions: Combinations of lutein and zeaxanthin with n-3 LC-PUFA might be beneficial in preventing AMD progression and deterioration of visual function. Our results encourage initiating further studies with combinations of n-3 LC-PUFA, lutein, and zeaxanthin especially in early AMD patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Dietary Supplementations on Delaying the Progression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2022

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“…Although discussing the association between obesity and sight-threatening disorders has recently intensified [7], the relationship between obesity and open-angle glaucoma (OAG) remains controversial. OAG, the most prevalent subtype of glaucoma globally, is characterized by progressive damage of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), enlarged optic disc cupping, and irreversible deterioration of the visual field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Obesity a Risk or Protective Factor for Open-Angle Glaucoma in Adults? A Two-Database, Asian, Matched-Cohort Study

Chen

Lai

Lee

et al. 2021

JCM

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Obesity contributes to multiple systemic disorders; however, extensive discussion regarding obesity and open-angle glaucoma (OAG) remains limited, and conclusions in the existing literature diverge. This study aims to analyze the risk of OAG among obese adults in Taiwan. In this study, adults (aged ≥18 years) with a diagnostic code of obesity or morbid obesity registered in the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database (LHID) 2000 and LHID2005 from 1 January 2001 to 31 December 2010 were included. All adults were traced until the diagnosis of OAG, the occurrence of death, or 31 December 2013. Risk of OAG was significantly higher in obese adults than in non-obese adults after multivariable adjustment (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 1.43 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11–1.84)/aHR: 1.54 (95% CI 1.23–1.94) in the LHID2000/LHID2005). Both databases demonstrated that young obese adults (aged ≤40 years) had a remarkably increased risk of OAG compared with young non-obese adults (aHR 3.08 (95% CI 1.82–5.21)/aHR 3.81 (95% CI 2.26–6.42) in the LHID2000/LHID2005). This two-database matched-cohort study suggests that obese adults have an increased risk of OAG. In young adults, in particular, obesity could be a potential risk factor of OAG.

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“…Between geographical regions, AMD was less prevalent in Asia than in Europe and North America [ 2 ]. Increasing age and genetic factors play important roles in the development of AMD, while other risk factors, including smoking, obesity, a higher body mass index, and metabolic syndromes, such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia, are reported to be associated with higher prevalence, more progression, and increased severity of AMD [ 1 , 2 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. AMD stems from accumulation of drusen, the lipoprotein-rich deposits underneath retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) with pigmentary changes and/ or thickened overlying Bruch’s membrane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Advanced dry AMD is characterized by progressive atrophic changes in the RPE and overlying neurosensory retina with an eventual development of geographic atrophy. Proliferation of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) underneath the neurosensory retina contributes to wet AMD [ 7 , 9 ]. Micronutrient supplements may be beneficial for intermediate and advanced AMD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Hydrogen Gas Inhalation and Its Influence on Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization in a Mouse Model of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Liang

Hsu

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in the elderly. Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the major pathologic feature of neovascular AMD. Oxidative damages and the ensuing chronic inflammation are representative of trigger events. Hydrogen gas (H2) has been demonstrated as an antioxidant and plays a role in the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammation. This experiment aimed to investigate the influence of H2 inhalation on a mouse model of CNV. Methods: Laser was used to induce CNV formation. C57BL/6J mice were divided into five groups: the control group; the laser-only group; and the 2 h, 5 h, and 2.5 h/2.5 h groups that received laser and H2 inhalation (21% oxygen, 42% hydrogen, and 37% nitrogen mixture) for 2 h, 5 h, and 2.5 h twice every day, respectively. Results: The severity of CNV leakage on fluorescence angiography showed a significant decrease in the H2 inhalation groups. The mRNA expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha and its immediate downstream target vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) showed significant elevation after laser, and this elevation was suppressed in the H2 inhalation groups in an inhalation period length-related manner. The mRNA expression of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha and interlukin-6, also represented similar results. Conclusion: H2 inhalation could alleviate CNV leakage in a laser-induced mouse CNV model, and the potential mechanism might be related to the suppression of the inflammatory process and VEGF-driven CNV formation.

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Obesity and risk of age-related eye diseases: a systematic review of prospective population-based studies

Cited by 30 publications

References 116 publications

The Effect of Dietary Supplementations on Delaying the Progression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Effect of Dietary Supplementations on Delaying the Progression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Is Obesity a Risk or Protective Factor for Open-Angle Glaucoma in Adults? A Two-Database, Asian, Matched-Cohort Study

The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Hydrogen Gas Inhalation and Its Influence on Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization in a Mouse Model of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

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