Obesity and Overweight Among Brazilian Early Adolescents: Variability Across Region, Socioeconomic Status, and Gender

Fradkin, Chris; Valentini, Nádia Cristina; Nobre, Glauber Carvalho; Santos, João Otacílio Libardoni dos

doi:10.3389/fped.2018.00081

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The biological and epidemiological bases of gender‐related differences in the prevalence of overweight/obesity among children are unknown and still controversial. A similar trend has, in fact, been reported by some authors, although other studies have found higher levels of obesity among girls than boys . We can only speculate that factors such as a higher psychosocial pressure related to body image in girls and the interference of puberty, which occurs earlier in girls than in boys, may differently influence the prevalence of overweight/obesity in different series.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Impact of unhealthy childhood and unfavorable parents' characteristics on adiposity in schoolchildren

Vinciguerra

Tumminia

Roppolo

et al. 2019

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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Background: Childhood obesity is encouraged by low physical activity (PA), time spent using screens (screen time, ST), and by sugar-sweetened beverage consumption (SSBc). It is also influenced by unfavorable parents' characteristics, such as a high body mass index (BMI) and low education level (EL). Our aim was to evaluate the overall and specific influence of these factors on childhood adiposity. Material and methods:Anthropometric parameters including BMI z-score, waist circumference (WC), waist to height ratio (WtHR), and fat mass were measured in a cohort of 1702 schoolchildren (6.0-14.5 years, mean 10.7 ± 1.8) and questionnaires concerning children's PA, ST, and SSBc, and parent's BMI and EL were administered to parents. Results:Overweight/obesity prevalence was higher (P < .0001) in males (57%) than in females (43%). Less physically active children (28.9%) had a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity and higher BMI z-score, WC, WtHR, and fat mass relative to more physically active children (P < .05). PA was negatively associated with the BMI z-score (r = 0.18, P < .0001) and fat mass percentage (r = 0.18, P < .0001).Children with more ST had higher WC and WtHR than non-ST viewers (P < .05) but not BMI. Moreover, SSBc did not influence the anthropometric parameters. At multivariate analysis, male gender, less PA, and parental risk factors (parent's overweight/obesity and low/medium EL) were independently associated with overweight and obesity among childhood with a progressively increasing odds ratio (1.65, 1.40, and 1.80, respectively). Conclusions:Male gender, behavioral risk factors (particularly low PA), and parent's characteristics are important correlates of obesity in children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Impact of unhealthy childhood and unfavorable parents' characteristics on adiposity in schoolchildren

Vinciguerra

Tumminia

Roppolo

et al. 2019

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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“…This study used gender as a control variable and found that girls were more likely to receive lower acceptance and higher isolation than boys were. Previous studies did find that boys and girls are different in terms of sociometric status as well as overweight/obese risks (Fradkin, Valentini, Nobre, & dos Santos, 2018; Mjaavatn, Frostad, & Pijl, 2016). How gender could interact with the weight status as well as sociometric status would be an important issue for future study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Weight With Sociometric Status in Classrooms of Taiwanese Adolescents

Chen

2019

The Journal of Early Adolescence

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This study examined the association between adolescents’ obesity and sociometric status among their peers across 1 year. The participants were 2,528 junior high school students from Taiwan (mean age = 13.31 years). The negative associations discovered between obesity and sociometric status were both concurrent and cumulative. Moreover, the adolescents who changed from nonobese to obese were more likely to have lower social acceptance and be isolated in their classrooms. These findings inform concerns regarding the sociometric status of adolescents who are (or are becoming) obese.

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“…In middle-and low-low income countries, obesity in children seems to be mainly an issue for those with higher socioeconomic status (SES) (Dinsa, Goryakin, Fumagalli, & Suhrcke, 2012). Previous findings from Brazilian children, aged 10 to 13-year-old, revealed a higher prevalence of obesity and/or overweight among those of higher SES, and furthermore stated that the most salient predictor of weight risk among Brazilian early adolescents was higher SES (Fradkin, Valentini, Nobre, & Dos Santos, 2018). The same investigation reported a higher prevalence of obesity among boys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of socioeconomic status and age on the prevalence of overweight and obesity among 5 to 10‐year‐old children in Curitiba, Brazil

Hercules

Peralta

Henriques‐Neto

et al. 2020

American J Hum Biol

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The aim of this study was to examine the influence of the socioeconomic status (SES) and age on the prevalence of overweight and obesity among 5 to 10-year-old children from Brazil. Methods: The sample consisted of 80 782 (41 063 boys) students aged 5 to 10-year-old. Height and weight were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. SES was self-reported by parents when registering for school in the same year as the assessment. Results: An increasing trend in the prevalence of obesity, for boys and girls, and overweight, for girls, as they got older was observed. The prevalence of obesity was greater among medium SES boys, 18.1% (95% CI: 17.7, 18.6), and girls, 18.1% (95% CI: 17.7, 18.6), compared with low SES. For each year boys and girls get older their odds of being underweight, overweight and obese increase. Medium and high SES boys were 23% (95% CI: 1.14, 1.32) and 25% (95%CI: 1.03, 1.52) more likely to be obese than low SES boys. Girls with high SES were 20% (OR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.31) more likely of being obese than girls with low SES. Furthermore, age and being in the medium SES for both sexes and in the high SES for boys was positively related to the BMI z-score. Conclusion: Both age and SES were factors associated with obesity among Brazilian children. For public health policies to be effective, it is necessary to understand why higher SES children and older children have higher risk and prevalence of obesity and overweight.

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Obesity and Overweight Among Brazilian Early Adolescents: Variability Across Region, Socioeconomic Status, and Gender

Cited by 27 publications

References 25 publications

Impact of unhealthy childhood and unfavorable parents' characteristics on adiposity in schoolchildren

Impact of unhealthy childhood and unfavorable parents' characteristics on adiposity in schoolchildren

Association of Weight With Sociometric Status in Classrooms of Taiwanese Adolescents

The influence of socioeconomic status and age on the prevalence of overweight and obesity among 5 to 10‐year‐old children in Curitiba, Brazil

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