Obesity and Obese-related Chronic Low-grade Inflammation in Promotion of Colorectal Cancer Development

Pietrzyk, Łukasz; Torres, Anna; Maciejewski, Ryszard; Torres, Kamil

doi:10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.10.4161

Cited by 90 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…Of note, regular aspirin use substantially reduces the risk of CRC (61). Pro-inflammatory cytokines and tumor-infiltrating myeloid and immune cells play critical roles in almost every developmental stages of inflammation-related cancers, from initiation, promotion, and progression to malignant metastasis (1). A recently published meta-analysis of the ω3 PUFA effects on inflammatory markers highlighted a decreased level of some inflammatory mediators (cytokines or acute phase proteins) in CRC patients who received ω3 PUFA supplementation (26).…”

Section: Protective Anti-inflammatory Effects Of ω3 Pufa In Colorectamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has become increasingly clear that dietary habits may affect the risk/progression of chronic diseases with a pathogenic inflammatory component, such as colorectal cancer (CRC) (1). CRC is the third most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide and represents a clinical model of cancer showing a close relationship with inflammation and environmental factors (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, rising CRC incidence trends are mainly regarded as a part of the change in lifestyle, including calorically excessive high-fat/low-fiber diet, lack of physical activity, and obesity (4). Epidemiological and clinical investigations have consistently evidenced a significant relationship between obesity-driven inflammation and most steps of CRC development, including initiation, promotion, progression, and metastasis (1). Furthermore, cancer therapy as well as surgery for cancer resection can trigger an inflammatory response by causing trauma, necrosis, and tissue injury that stimulate tumor re-emergence and resistance to therapy (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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ω3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids as Immunomodulators in Colorectal Cancer: New Potential Role in Adjuvant Therapies

Miccadei¹,

Masella

Mileo³

et al. 2016

Front. Immunol.

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Diet composition may affect the onset and progression of chronic degenerative diseases, including cancer, whose pathogenesis relies on inflammatory processes. Growing evidence indicates that diet and its components critically contribute to human health, affecting the immune system, secretion of adipokines, and metabolic pathways. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Antineoplastic drugs are widely used for CRC treatment, but drug resistance and/or off-target toxicity limit their efficacy. Dietary ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been gaining great interest in recent years as possible anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents, especially in areas such as the large bowel, where the pro-inflammatory context promotes virtually all steps of colon carcinogenesis. Growing epidemiological, experimental, and clinical evidence suggests that ω3 PUFA may play a role in several stages of CRC management exhibiting antineoplastic activity against human CRC cells, improving the efficacy of radiation and chemotherapy, ameliorating cancer-associated secondary complications, and preventing CRC recurrence. These effects are most likely related to the immunomodulatory activities of ω3 PUFA that are able to influence several aspects of the inflammatory process ranging from inflammasome activation, leukocyte recruitment, production of immune mediators to differentiation, and activation of immune cells. In this review, we will focus on the potential use of ω3 PUFA as adjuvant agents together with chemo/radiotherapy, highlighting the immunomodulatory effects most likely responsible for their beneficial effects in different stages of CRC management.

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Section: Protective Anti-inflammatory Effects Of ω3 Pufa In Colorectamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

ω3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids as Immunomodulators in Colorectal Cancer: New Potential Role in Adjuvant Therapies

Miccadei¹,

Masella

Mileo³

et al. 2016

Front. Immunol.

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“…However, only a few of the adipokines exert anti-inflammatory potential; among these are adiponectin, adipolin, and omentin [43]. Due to the fact that obesity is described as chronic low-grade inflammation, such anti-inflammatory adipokines are usually downregulated in obesity [43, 44]. This critical point will be discussed in more detail below.…”

Section: The Role Of Adiponectinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipokines Regulate the Expression of Tumor-Relevant MicroRNAs

Jasinski‐Bergner

Kielstein

2019

Obes Facts

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Background: Increasing prevalence of obesity requires the investigation of respective comorbidities, including tumor diseases like colorectal, renal, post-menopausal breast, prostate cancer, and leukemia. To date, molecular mechanisms of the malignant transformation of these peripheral tissues induced by obesity remain unclear. Adipose tissue secretes factors with hormone-like functions, the adipokines, and is therefore categorized as an endocrine organ. Current research demonstrates the ability of adipose tissue to alter DNA methylation and gene expression in peripheral tissues, probably affecting microRNA (miR) expression. Methods: Literature was analyzed for adipokine-regulated miRs. Many of these adipokine upregulated or downregulated miRs exert either oncogenic or anti-tumoral potential. Results: The three selected and analyzed adipokines, adiponectin, leptin, and resistin, induce more strongly oncogenic miRs and simultaneously reduce anti-tumoral miRs than vice versa. This effect is not only true for the pure number of regulated miRs, it is also the case by consideration of the abundance of the respective miR expression based on actual data sets derived from next-generation sequencing. Conclusion: The link of obesity and cancer is analyzed under the aspect of adipokine-regulated miRs. At the same time the impact of miR abundance is considered as a regulatory variable. This context offers new strategies for tumor therapy and diagnostics.

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“…Триггерные механизмы патологии не уста-новлены, помимо генетической предрасполо-женности, в числе факторов, повышающих риск, часто упоминается курение и ожирение [7]. Диа-гностика заболевания на ранних стадиях болезни и послеоперационный прогноз также крайне за-труднены.…”

Section: Abstract: Colorectal Cancer Alpha-2-macroglobulin Il-6 Tnunclassified

Production of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Alpha-2-Macroglobulin by Peripheral Blood Cells in the Patients With Colorectal Cancer

Зорина¹,

Промзелева²,

Зорин³

et al. 2016

Med. immunol.

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Obesity and Obese-related Chronic Low-grade Inflammation in Promotion of Colorectal Cancer Development

Cited by 90 publications

References 81 publications

ω3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids as Immunomodulators in Colorectal Cancer: New Potential Role in Adjuvant Therapies

ω3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids as Immunomodulators in Colorectal Cancer: New Potential Role in Adjuvant Therapies

Adipokines Regulate the Expression of Tumor-Relevant MicroRNAs

Production of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Alpha-2-Macroglobulin by Peripheral Blood Cells in the Patients With Colorectal Cancer

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