Obesity and diabetes genetic variants associated with gestational weight gain

Abstract

Objective To determine whether genetic variants associated with diabetes and obesity predict gestational weight gain. Study Design 960 participants in the Pregnancy, Infection and Nutrition cohorts were genotyped for 27 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with diabetes and obesity. Results Among white and black women (n=960), KCNQ1 risk allele carriage was directly associated with weight gain (p < 0.01). In Bayesian hierarchical models among white women (N=628), we found posterior odds ratios > 3 for inclusion of TCF2 and THADA SNPs in our models. Among black women (n=332), we found associations between risk allele carriage and weight gain for the THADA and INSIG2 SNPs. In Bayesian variable selection models, we found an interaction between the TSPAN8 risk allele and pre-gravid obesity, with lower weight gain among obese risk allele carriers. Conclusion We found evidence that diabetes and obesity risk alleles interact with maternal pre-gravid BMI to predict gestational weight gain.

Ethnic Differences in Effects of Maternal Pre-Pregnancy and Pregnancy Adiposity on Offspring Size and Adiposity

“…GWG represents maternal pregnancy nutritional status, which constitutes the in utero environment ("nurturing"). The genetic basis of GWG is debatable, with contrasting reports of whether such genetic influences exist (16,17). Our report has provided evidence that maternal preconception nutrition, and possibly genetic influences, as well as maternal nutrition during gestation and in utero fetal nutrition, have independent effects on size at birth and up to two years of age.…”

Body composition changes in pregnancy: measurement, predictors and outcomes

“…Wealth, occupation, education, as well as, maternal age and parity predicted changes in midupper arm circumferences, arm muscle area or arm fat area in generally healthy HIV+ Malawian women, while seasonal exposure to famine modified some of these associations. 35 Some but not all maternal and offspring obesity-related genetic variants are associated with GWG, 78,79 but it is unknown whether these variants are associated with the composition of GWG. Although racial differences in regional fat distribution have been reported, 80 these reports have not included pregnancy and it is unknown whether body composition changes during pregnancy differ by race/ethnicity.…”

GNB3 and FTO Polymorphisms and Pregnancy Weight Gain in Black Women

“…Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) based on the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations, and prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), are known contributors to postpartum weight retention (Rasmussen & Yaktine, 2009). Gestational weight gain is a modifiable risk factor for obesity in women and genetic variants linked to excessive gain could be markers for metabolic disease (Stuebe et al, 2010). The GWG of black women has a long-term effect on BMI increase 18 years after a first pregnancy (Groth, Holland, Meng, & Kitzman, 2013).…”