Obesity and Colorectal Cancer

Jochem, Carmen; Leitzmann, Michael F.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-42542-9_2

Cited by 85 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Plausible biological mechanisms include insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, chronic inflammation, altered levels of growth factors, adipocytokines and steroid hormones. In addition to its effect on colorectal cancer incidence, obesity may play a role in colorectal cancer recurrence, treatment outcomes and survival [20,21]. The adipokines adiponectin and leptin and adipocytemediated chronic low-grade inflammation represented by the acute-phase C-reactive protein may explain a substantial part of the association between obesity and risk of colorectal cancer [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Awareness Levels toward Colorectal Cancer Early Detection and Prevention in Saudi Arabia

Ahmed¹

2017

GHOA

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Awareness Levels toward Colorectal Cancer Early Detection and Prevention in Saudi Arabia

Ahmed¹

2017

GHOA

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“…Accumulated evidence has documented several risk factors associated with the development of CRC, including physical inactivity, alcohol, smoking, and red and processed meat consumption . Additionally, some kinds of diseases have been demonstrated to be related to increased risk of CRC, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and inflammatory bowel diseases . Increasing number of studies have implicated that non‐coding RNAs play critical roles in the initiation and progression of CRC, many of which may even affect the prognosis of patients …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomal miR‐6803‐5p as potential diagnostic and prognostic marker in colorectal cancer

Yan

Jiang

Liang

et al. 2018

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Accumulating data have suggested exosome-delivered microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical role in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. However, little is known about the influence of exosomal miR-6803-5p on the development and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Levels of serum exosomal miR-6803-5p were determined by microarray analysis and verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Outcomes of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of CRC patients were estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis. We used cox regression analysis to investigate the association between exosomes-encapsulated miR-6803-5p and the clinicopathological factors of CRC patients. The exosomal miR-6803-5p was significantly increased in serum samples from patients with CRC in contrast to healthy controls. Significantly higher levels of serum exosomal miR-6803-5p were observed in CRC patients at later TNM stage or with lymph node metastasis as well as liver metastasis. Patients with elevated levels of serum exosomal miR-6803-5p had much poorer OS and DFS. Cox regression analysis revealed high levels of exosomal miR-6803-5p was associated with poor prognosis in CRC independent of other confounding factors. Thus, exosomal miR-6803-5p is a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for patients with CRC.

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“…Colon cancer development has been linked to high levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and/or overexpression of IGF receptors (22). Other proposed links between obesity and colon cancer include systemic and local inflammation (7), the metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and dysbiosis (23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modifiable risk factors for colorectal cancer include physical inactivity, a high calorie/low fiber diet, high body mass index (BMI), excessive alcohol consumption, and smoking (3). A high BMI at different time points from young adult age to old age has been reported to increase the risk of colorectal cancer (4)(5)(6)(7)(8). Evidence of an association between high BMI in childhood and increased risk of colon but not rectal cancer was recently presented in a well-powered Danish study (9), but other reports have been unable to detect such an association (10,11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Body Mass Index Is Associated with Risk of Adult Colon Cancer in Men: An Association Modulated by Pubertal Change in Body Mass Index

Célind

Ohlsson

Bygdell

et al. 2019

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background: The relative contribution of childhood and pubertal body mass index (BMI) for the risk of adult colorectal cancer is not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the independent associations for childhood BMI and pubertal BMI change with risk of colorectal cancer in men.Methods: We included 37,663 men born in 1946 to 1961 who had weight and height measured at 8 (childhood) and 20 (young adult age) years of age available from the BMI Epidemiology Study. Information on colorectal cancer was retrieved from the Swedish National Patient Register (257 cases of colon cancer and 159 cases of rectal cancer).Results: Childhood BMI at 8 years of age [HR, 1.19 per SD increase; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06-1.33], but not pubertal BMI change (HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.90-1.15), was associated with increased risk of colon cancer. Due to a significant interaction between childhood BMI and pubertal BMI change (P < 0.001), we stratified the analyses according to the median of pubertal BMI change. Childhood BMI was associated with risk of colon cancer in individuals with a pubertal BMI change above, but not below, the median (above: HR ¼ 1.48, 95% CI, 1.26-1.74; below: HR ¼ 0.95, 95% CI, 0.80-1.12). Neither childhood BMI nor pubertal BMI change was associated with rectal cancer.Conclusions: High childhood BMI was associated with increased risk of colon cancer only if it was followed by a pubertal BMI increase above the median.Impact: Further studies should evaluate prepubertal childhood BMI in relation to pubertal BMI change and BMI in middle age for the risk of colon cancer. NOTE: HRs for rectal cancer (n ¼ 159) according to anthropometric variables were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression. Childhood refers to 8 years of age. Young adult BMI refers to 20 years of age. Pubertal BMI change is the change in BMI between 8 and 20 years of age. Adult height refers to the last recorded height after 17.5 years of age. The model is adjusted for birth year and country of birth. Total cohort N ¼ 37,663. Conception and design: J. C elind, C. Ohlsson, M. Bygdell, J.M. Kindblom Development of methodology: J. C elind, C. Ohlsson, M. Bygdell, J.M. Kindblom Acquisition of data (provided animals, acquired and managed patients, provided facilities, etc.): J. C elind, M. Bygdell, J.M. Kindblom Analysis and interpretation of data (e.g., statistical analysis, biostatistics, computational analysis): J. C elind, C. Ohlsson, M. Nethander, J.M. Kindblom Writing, review, and/or revision of the manuscript: J. C elind, C. Ohlsson, M. Bygdell, M. Nethander, J.M. Kindblom C elind et al.

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Obesity and Colorectal Cancer

Cited by 85 publications

References 99 publications

Assessment of Awareness Levels toward Colorectal Cancer Early Detection and Prevention in Saudi Arabia

Assessment of Awareness Levels toward Colorectal Cancer Early Detection and Prevention in Saudi Arabia

Exosomal miR‐6803‐5p as potential diagnostic and prognostic marker in colorectal cancer

Childhood Body Mass Index Is Associated with Risk of Adult Colon Cancer in Men: An Association Modulated by Pubertal Change in Body Mass Index

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