Obesity: a possible risk factor for restless legs syndrome

Yıldız, Demet; Büyükkoyuncu, Nilüfer; Cander, Soner; Yıldız, Abdülmecit; Güneş, Aygül; Seferoğlu, Meral; Özbek, Serhat

doi:10.1080/01616412.2017.1376394

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…RLS has been reported to occur more frequently in obese individuals than in those with normal weight [28,29]. The prevalence rate of RLS in our study (9.5%) in patients with obesity, which was in the upper level of the rate of RLS in Turkey, was higher than in non-obese patients (4.0%), similar to these studies.…”

Section: Association Between Bmi Groups and Systemic Diseases And Hospitilization In The Lastsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…SDB-induced intermittent hypoxia [28,36-. In a study obesity was evaluated as a possible risk factor for RLS and the presence of RLS was correlated with obesity and vascular risk factors at a significant level [29]. The Nagahama study evaluated the impact of obesity on diabetes and hypertension and reported that the associations of obesity with diabetes or ion were indirectly mediated by SDB (24.0% and 21.5%, respectively) [40].…”

Section: Interaction Between Obesity and Sleep Disorders For Dm And Heart Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Obesity and Its Associated Sleep Disorders Either Alone or in Combination towards Systemic Diseases in Turkey

Uçar

Demir

İtil

et al. 2020

JAMMR

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Aims: Both obesity and sleep disorders represent an important public health problem. In this study, the prevalence and consequences of obesity and associated sleep disorders were investigated in the Turkish adult population. Methodology: Data were analyzed in 5019 subjects who had available body mass index (BMI) data from a population-based study interviewer-administered questionnaire (Turkish Adult Population Epidemiology of Sleep Disorders study: TAPES, original sample: 5521). Obesity was defined and classified by BMI into four groups as underweight (BMI<18 kg/m2), normal (18≤BMI<25 kg/m2), overweight (25≤BMI<30 kg/m2), and obese (BMI >30 kg/m2). Insomnia was defined according to the DSM-IV criteria, habitual snoring and risk for sleep-related breathing disorders (SDB) using the Berlin questionnaire, excessive daytime sleepiness with the Epworth sleepiness scale score, and restless legs syndrome (RLS) according to symptoms as per the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group criteria. Results: The underweight, normal, overweight, and obesity rates were 2.9%, 40.5%, 34.3%, and 22.3%, respectively. Obesity was more common in women, and in the middle age, divorced/widow, lower education status, ex-smoker, low-income, and no regular exercise groups After the adjustment for age, gender, smoking status, educational status and income levels obesity was associated with the increased risk of SDB (OR: 13.03, 95%CI: 9.91-17.14), RLS (OR: 1.43, 95%CI: 1.01-2.02). The risk of heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hospitalization in the last year was higher in the obese population even after adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, educational status, and income levels [OR=2.06 (1.50-2.82), OR=3.45 (2.64-4.51), OR=2.93 (2.05-4.16), and OR=1.55 (1.22-1.98) respectively]. The risk of heart disease increased in subjects who were overweight and obese who had a high risk of SDB, and subjects with obesity who had RLS. The diabetes mellitus risk increased in subjects with obese who had a high risk of SDB or RLS. Conclusion: Obesity was associated with a high risk of systemic diseases and obesity together with sleep disorders was associated with a higher risk of systemic diseases such as heart disease and diabetes. If confirmed with prospective longitudinal studies with objective measurements, screening for sleep-related symptoms could help to identify adults with obesity at high risk for heart disease and diabetes, and implementation of preventive measures and the proper management of these populations.

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Section: Association Between Bmi Groups and Systemic Diseases And Hospitilization In The Lastsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Interaction Between Obesity and Sleep Disorders For Dm And Heart Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Obesity and Its Associated Sleep Disorders Either Alone or in Combination towards Systemic Diseases in Turkey

Uçar

Demir

İtil

et al. 2020

JAMMR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…11 Supporting these studies, Yildiz et al have reported that obesity and high BMI values are associated with RLS development. 16 However, some other studies propose that there is not an association between obesity and RLS. 17,18 As mentioned above, while an ample amount of studies are available reporting that obesity is an important risk factor for RLS development, 9,19 to the best of authors' knowledge, no studies are available in literature investigating the association between weight loss and improvement in RLS symptoms and reduction in medication requirements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Obesity Surgery on Restless Leg Syndrome

Özdaş

Öner

2019

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak

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Restless leg syndrome (RLS), which is a chronic neurosensory-motor disorder, is a disease which is usually accompanied by disturbing or unpleasant sensations, characterised by an irresistible impulse for moving the legs. This sensation which may be as a severe pain may temporarily relieve with movements.Prevalence of RLS varies between 4% and 10% in the general population. 1 RLS, which is characterised by delay in starting sleep, difficulty to maintain sleep, decreased total sleeping time and impairment in slow-wave sleep, leads to an impairment in quality of life. 2 Depression, anxiety and pain disorders are common co-morbid conditions which accompany RLS. 3 Diabetes, cardiovascular disease and stroke risk may also increase in RLS patients. 4 While early-onset RLS (before 45 years) is usually idiopathic, 5 secondary RLS (after 45 years) mainly occurs due to iron deficiency, pregnancy and end stage renal disease (ESRD). Although patho-physiology of RLS is not clear yet, it is considered to be associated with cerebral iron metabolism dysfunction, which leads to abnormal dopaminergic outcomes, 6,7 together with an underlying genetic predisposition. 1,6 Obesity is an important community health problem which is responsible for an important part of sleep-related complaints. 8 It is directly related with sleep disorders like obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and insomnia. 9 The association between RLS and obesity has been investigated in many studies as RLS is also a sleep disorder. RLS patients were reported to have higher BMI values compared to the patients without RLS. 10 RLS prevalence was reported to be higher in obese individuals compared to the non-obese. 11 Similar changes in dopamine metabolism in RLS and obesity have shown a potential relationship between them. 12,13 The factor like iron deficiency having an important role in etio-pathogenesis of RLS, 6 the relationship between obesity and iron deficiency, 14 increase the importance of obesity as a risk factor for RLS.Given the close relationship between obesity and RLS, the aim of this study was to investigate whether RLS symptoms improved and treatment requirement decreased through weight loss on postoperative followups of the patients who underwent LSG due to obesity and who were started medical therapy due to RLS.

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“…[26,27] In an evaluation of sleep disorders in individuals with obesity, the PSQI, ISI, and ESS scores were statistically significantly higher. [28] A cohort study involving 983 adults revealed that sleep duration of fewer than 5 hours was associated with a 2.8-times greater likelihood of obesity and increased with each 1.6 kg/m 2 in BMI. [29] Abnormalities in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and cortisol levels have been associated with the development of emotional disorders, obesity, and metabolic syndrome in patients with RLS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The IRLSSG scale is composed of 10 questions, each of which is graded between 0 and 4 points. Based on the total score, the severity of RLS is considered mild (0-10), moderate (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), severe (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30), or very severe (31-40). [11] The PSQI is a 19-item self-report scale that assesses sleep quality and indicates the presence of sleep disorders.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between restless legs syndrome and anxiety, depression and quality of life

Aydın¹

2019

South Clin Ist Euras

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Objective: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common sleep disorder. In addition to disturbing sleep, however, RLS also affects quality of life and may lead to significant fatigue or psychiatric symptoms. This study was an examination of the effects of RLS on quality of life and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Methods: In this study, 55 patients (7 males and 48 females) who met the diagnostic criteria of idiopathic RLS and 35 healthy individuals (8 males, 27 females) were evaluated using validated Turkish versions of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) rating scale for the severity of RLS, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), which measures quality of life. Results: Fifty-two patients who met the diagnostic criteria for idiopathic RLS were evaluated in Group I and 35 healthy controls were included in Group II. A statistically significant difference was observed in the PSQI, ESS, ISI, BDI, BAI, FSS, and SF-36 questionnaire results in the RLS group compared with the control group. The mean score of the SF-36 Physical Component Summary (PCS) scale was significantly lower among RLS patients than that of the healthy subjects. There was a negative correlation between the PCS score and RLS severity, fatigue, insomnia, daytime sleepiness, sleep quality, anxiety, and the level of depressive symptoms. Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that the FSS and BDI values were influential variables on the PCS score. Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated that patients with idiopathic RLS experienced significantly impaired quality of life and the psychiatric symptoms of anxiety and depression.

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Obesity: a possible risk factor for restless legs syndrome

Abstract: Although the presence of RLS was correlated with obesity and vascular risk factors at a significant level, it was also shown that depression, anxiety and insomnia were significantly frequent in obese patients (although not daytime sleepiness). Further studies are needed.

Cited by 7 publications

References 32 publications

The Impact of Obesity and Its Associated Sleep Disorders Either Alone or in Combination towards Systemic Diseases in Turkey

The Impact of Obesity and Its Associated Sleep Disorders Either Alone or in Combination towards Systemic Diseases in Turkey

Influence of Obesity Surgery on Restless Leg Syndrome

The relationship between restless legs syndrome and anxiety, depression and quality of life

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