Oat consumption reduced intestinal fat deposition and improved health span in Caenorhabditis elegans model

Gao, Chenfei; Gao, Zhan‐Guo; Greenway, Frank L.; Burton, Jeffrey; Johnson, William D.; Keenan, Michael J.; Enright, Frederick M.; Martin, Roy J.; Chu, Yi; Zheng, Jolene

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2015.06.007

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…Our results showed no change in lifespan with sucrose. Glucose increased intestinal fat deposition and reduced the lifespan in C. elegans which is consistent with previous studies (Zheng et al, 2014, Gao et al, 2015a). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Lifespan was reduced in the glucose treated group as previously reported (Lee et al, 2009, Gao et al, 2015a, Gao et al, 2015b). Here we report a biphasic effect of fructose increasing lifespan at lower doses and shortening lifespan at a higher dose.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In the C. elegans model, glucose as low as 0.1% (5.5 mM) is sufficient to decrease lifespan by decreasing expression of the DAF-16/FOXO gene, a homologue of the human gene FOXO, which regulates lifespan, mediates lipid metabolism, regulates insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathways, and controls heat shock transcription factor (HSF-1) activity (Ogg et al, 1997, Lin et al, 2001, Lee et al, 2009, Solis and Petrascheck, 2011, Zheng et al, 2014, Gao et al, 2015a, Gao et al, 2015b, Koutoukidis et al, 2015). C. elegans is a small, multicellular, transparent, free-living, soil nematode that has a completely sequenced genome and conserves 65% of the genes associated with human disease (Fei et al, 2004, Hostetler et al, 2008, Koutoukidis et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lower Doses of Fructose Extend Lifespan inCaenorhabditis elegans

Zheng

Gao

Wang

et al. 2016

Journal of Dietary Supplements

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Epidemiological studies indicate that the increased consumption of sugars including sucrose and fructose in beverages correlate with the prevalence of obesity, type-2 diabetes, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension in humans. A few reports suggest that fructose extends lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In Anopheles gambiae, fructose, glucose, or glucose plus fructose also extended lifespan. New results presented here suggest that fructose extends lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) wild type (N2). C. elegans were fed standard laboratory food source (E. coli OP50), maintained in liquid culture. Experimental groups received additional glucose (111 mM), fructose (55 mM, 111 mM, or 555 mM), sucrose (55 mM, 111 mM, or 555 mM), glucose (167 mM) plus fructose (167 mM) (G&F), or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS, 333 mM). In four replicate experiments, fructose dose-dependently increased mean lifespan at 55 mM or 111 m Min N2, but decreased lifespan at 555 mM (P < 0.001). Sucrose did not affect the lifespan. Glucose reduced lifespan (P < 0.001). Equal amount of G&F or HFCS reduced lifespan (P < 0.0001). Intestinal fat deposition (IFD) was increased at a higher dose of fructose (555 mM), glucose (111 mM), and sucrose (55 mM, 111 mM, and 555 mM). Here we report a biphasic effect of fructose increasing lifespan at lower doses and shortening lifespan at higher doses with an inverse effect on IFD. In view of reports that fructose increases lifespan in yeast, mosquitoes and now nematodes, while decreasing fat deposition (in nematodes) at lower concentrations, further research into the relationship of fructose to lifespan and fat accumulation in vertebrates and mammals is indicated.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lower Doses of Fructose Extend Lifespan inCaenorhabditis elegans

Zheng

Gao

Wang

et al. 2016

Journal of Dietary Supplements

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“…It has been reported previously that some legumes such as red, black and marine beans act on longevity and as fat reducers [46]. As well as the use of legumes, it has been shown that oats, a nutritionally rich cereal, can also prolong life and reduce fat [47]. It provides antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic properties, and its consumption introduces a lowcalorie intervention through caloric dilution, as well as lowering lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol, reducing body fat and risk factors for coronary disease [48][49][50][51][52][53].…”

Section: Mammals E Caenorhabiditis Elegansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Use of Caenorhabditis Choose in the Nutritional Study of Obesity

Gh¹,

Costa²,

Tec³

et al. 2017

J Diabetes Metab

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Obesity is characterized as a health problem of high prevalence worldwide, and to date, about two thirds of the US population is affected, generating a high financial cost for health management systems. Traditionally, the model for the study of obesity has been rodents, mainly rats and mice, and although the obesity field has progressed a lot, there has been a clear need for a cheaper and more efficient model. C. elegans is a small worm with a life expectancy of about 21 days that possesses rapid growth and feeds on non-pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli. This small nematode has about 60 to 80 percent of its genes related to human diseases, and it is now known to the scientific community that manipulating its genome can provide valuable information to define the pathophysiological aspects of obesity. C. elegans has been successfully reported as an animal model in research related to nutritional physiology, in addition to the characterization of several metabolic pathways, storage mechanisms and lipid release. In recent years, due to the advances of C. elegans in the physiological characterization of lipid metabolism, it is now possible with its use as an animal model to offer the possibility of in vivo identification of compounds that modulate fat storage.

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“…Plant proteins are gaining considerable interest as food ingredients with respect to the latest trends towards a healthy lifestyle, vegetarianism and veganism. Modern lifestyle‐related chronic diseases such as obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes are the health challenges of the 21 st century . As a result, the food industry aims to develop functional foods and functional food ingredients (for example, probiotics and plant‐derived proteins), which exert positive effects on the health and wellbeing of consumers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oat protein concentrate as alternative ingredient for non‐dairy yoghurt‐type product

et al. 2019

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BACKGROUND During the industrial production of β‐glucan, a protein‐rich fraction remains as a by‐product. Recovery of this protein as oat protein concentrate (OPC) results in a source of cereal protein for food and improves the overall economy of the process. In this study, a yoghurt‐type product is developed by lactic acid fermentation of an OPC suspension after subjection to heat treatment to assure starch gelatinization. RESULTS In detail, the process of yoghurt production involved an initial heating step to 90 °C, followed by 24 h fermentation with a starter culture consisting of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus und Streptococcus thermophilus. The resulting yoghurt‐type product was mildly sour (pH 4.2) with a certain amount of lactic acid (3.3 ± 0.2 g kg−1) and contained 4.9 × 106 cfu g−1 lactobacillus after 24 h fermentation. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a porous network presumably built up from the gelatinized starch fraction containing aggregated structures, between which were assumed to be aggregated oat proteins. Moreover, to a limited extent, proteolysis occurred during fermentation. Thus some of the proteolytic enzymes present in the yoghurt culture cleaved oat protein and released peptides. However, the effect on essential amino acids was small. CONCLUSION The results of this study provide a deeper knowledge into the role of starch and protein in fermented OPC yoghurts. The structure of fermented OPC verifies the applicability of oat protein as an alternative source for yoghurt‐type products. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Oat consumption reduced intestinal fat deposition and improved health span in Caenorhabditis elegans model

Cited by 27 publications

References 59 publications

Lower Doses of Fructose Extend Lifespan inCaenorhabditis elegans

Lower Doses of Fructose Extend Lifespan inCaenorhabditis elegans

Advances in the Use of Caenorhabditis Choose in the Nutritional Study of Obesity

Oat protein concentrate as alternative ingredient for non‐dairy yoghurt‐type product

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