Oaks as Beacons of Hope for Threatened Mixed Forests in Central Europe

Schroeder, Hilke; Nosenko, Tetyana; Ghirardo, Andrea; Fladung, Matthias; Schnitzler, Jörg‐Peter; Kersten, Birgit

doi:10.3389/ffgc.2021.670797

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…Liebl. are predominant in Central and Northern Europe and are believed to contribute to European forests' adaptation to climate change (Schroeder et al 2021). A comparison of the photosynthetic efficiency of Q. pubescens and Q. frainetto with that of such oaks could provide some indication of the potential competitive performance of the studied Mediterranean oaks outside their natural distribution range.…”

Section: Differences Between Oak Species and Provenances Under Contra...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal photosynthetic performance of two oak species from two provenances in a Mediterranean and a central European common garden

Holland¹,

REININGER²,

Bantis³

et al. 2022

Photosynt.

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Abbreviations: DOY -day of the year; gs -stomatal conductance; OLY -Olympiada/Greece; PIabs -performance index on absorption basis; PNmax -light-saturated net photosynthetic rate; RC/ABS -active reaction centers on absorption base; SWA -Schwanheim/ Germany; WUE -water-use efficiency; φP0 -Fv/Fm -maximum quantum efficiency of the reduction of QA; ψE0 -the probability that an absorbed photon leads to a reduction further than QA.

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Section: Differences Between Oak Species and Provenances Under Contra...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal photosynthetic performance of two oak species from two provenances in a Mediterranean and a central European common garden

Holland¹,

REININGER²,

Bantis³

et al. 2022

Photosynt.

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“…The chosen silvicultural approach is therefore not a static system but should change with the site and stand conditions as well as with the corresponding operational objective. In principle, sessile oaks can make a valuable contribution in establishing climate-stable and structured mixed stands [4,5]. In this regard, it is important to emphasize the potential of oak for converting monospecific pine stands into mixed pine-oak stands.…”

Section: Silvicultural Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sessile (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl) and pedunculate (Quercus robur L.) oaks are two of the most widespread native broadleaved tree species in Central Europe [1] and are expected to be suitable for coping with the predicted climatic changes in the future [2][3][4]. Based on their broad ecological amplitude and high drought tolerance, they can be an important component of climate-resilient mixed species forests [5,6], which are considered as an option to meet the challenges of climate change [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chances and Limitations of Mixed Oak Regeneration under Continuous Canopy Cover—Evidence from Long-Term Observations

Stimm

Uhl

Pretzsch

2022

Forests

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Traditionally, due to its light ecology, oak is regenerated on clear cuts or areas where the crown coverage is heavily reduced. Thus, the regeneration phase is relatively short. Recently, selective long-term regeneration phases avoiding large gaps in the canopy but fostering mixed-species stands have been advocated as being more in keeping with close-to-nature forestry in Central European forests. However, examples of the successful regeneration of oak in mixtures following this type of regeneration are largely missing. Here, we report the results of long-term experiments located in three different forest types, where oak was long-term regenerated under different mixing and canopy cover situations. The observation periods reached from 26 to 36 years. We focused on the dynamics of stem number reduction, as well as the height and biomass development of oaks and their interaction with interspecific competition and canopy density. The probability of oaks occurring in the regeneration basically decreased over the duration of the regeneration period. Despite this, considerable regeneration biomass growth could be observed, especially in the case of the lower standing volume of the mature stand. The development of beech as the main competitor is scarcely slowed down by the canopy cover compared to oak. Increasing canopy cover noticeably impeded oak regeneration in the considered mixed stands. The model results suggest that a reduction in competition within the regeneration by lowering the proportion of beech below 30% enhanced the success of oak regeneration in the long run even in small patches. The productivity of the remaining stand was primarily driven by standing volume. However, a negative trend of its productivity emerged with high regeneration biomasses. The study results show that small-scale oak regeneration with prolonged regeneration duration is possible in principle. However, oak regeneration requires active and continuous silvicultural assistance, which has to be adjusted to the specific site conditions.

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“…It is used as construction timber, as well as processed into barrels, railroad sleepers, furniture, parquet and veneers. During climate change, oaks are thought to be a tree species with high adaptive capacities [ 4 ]. Thus, its proportion in European forests may even increase during the next decades [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Small Set of Nuclear Markers for Reliable Differentiation of the Two Closely Related Oak Species Quercus Robur and Q. Petraea

Schroeder¹,

Kersten²

2023

Plants

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Quercus robur and Q. petraea are, in addition to Fagus sylvatica, the main economically used deciduous tree species in Europe. Identification of these two species is crucial because they differ in their ecological demands. Because of a changing climate, foresters must know more than ever which species will perform better under given environmental conditions. The search for differentiating molecular markers between these two species has already lasted for decades. Until now, differentiation has only been possible in approaches with a combination of several molecular markers and a subsequent statistical analysis to calculate the probability of being one or the other species. Here, we used MiSeq Illumina data from pools of Q. robur and Q. petraea specimens and identified nuclear SNPs and small InDels versus the Q. robur reference genome. Selected sequence variants with 100% allele frequency difference between the two pools were further validated in an extended set of Q. robur and Q. petraea specimens, and then the number of markers was deliberately reduced to the smallest possible set for species differentiation. A combination of six markers from four nuclear regions is enough to identify Q. robur, Q. petraea or hybrids between these two species quite well and represents a marker set that is cost-efficient and useable in every laboratory.

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Oaks as Beacons of Hope for Threatened Mixed Forests in Central Europe

Cited by 8 publications

References 44 publications

Diurnal photosynthetic performance of two oak species from two provenances in a Mediterranean and a central European common garden

Diurnal photosynthetic performance of two oak species from two provenances in a Mediterranean and a central European common garden

Chances and Limitations of Mixed Oak Regeneration under Continuous Canopy Cover—Evidence from Long-Term Observations

A Small Set of Nuclear Markers for Reliable Differentiation of the Two Closely Related Oak Species Quercus Robur and Q. Petraea

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