O2 deficit incurred during hypoxia and its relation to lactate and excess lactate

Sm, Cain

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1967.213.1.57

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…3) nor have others in studies of adult dogs during either stagnant hypoxia (6) or nypoxic hypoxia (2,4,5). We found, as did these earlier studies, that O2 "repayment" (excess O2 of recovery) was usually less than the deficit.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Similarly, the excess 0 2 consumption of recovery was the time integral between the O2 consumption during recovery and the extrapolation of the baseline value. For these calculations, we also accounted for changes in body stores of O2 (in the lungs, tissue water, and blood) that take place during the transition from baseline to low cardiac output, and then from low cardiac output to recovery (2). Changes in myoglobin stores were not accounted for as this compartment has been assessed to be quite small (4), amounting to less that 1 mL/kg of muscle (5).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a potential mechanism for the greater tolerance of young animals to hypoxic stresses. (Pediatr Res 26: 180-187, 1989) When 0 2 supply to the tissues is critically reduced by hypoxemia, anemia, or low cardiac output, whole body O2 consumption decreases and an O2 deficit accumulates throughout the hypoxic period (1)(2)(3). With restoration of 0 2 supply, there is a transient excess in O2 consumption above the initial baseline level and it has been suggested that this excess represents "repayment" of some or all of the O2 deficit (4,5) in a manner analogous to exercise (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response to Low Cardiac Output: Developmental Differences in Metabolism during Oxygen Deficit and Recovery in Lambs

Fahey

Lister

1989

Pediatr Res

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ABSTRACT. When cardiac output is critically lowered, whole body O2 consumption decreases and an O2 deficit accumulates. With restoration of cardiac output, an excess 0 2 consumption is expected in order to "repay" some or all of the O2 deficit. We tested the hypothesis that young lambs, with higher resting O2 consumption, cardiac output and growth rates than older lambs, would repay less of their 0 2 deficit because they have a higher proportion of nonessential metabolism. We reduced cardiac output acutely by inflating a Foley catheter in the right atrium of spontaneously breathing, sedated lambs at ages 2 (n = 5) and 8 ( n = 5) wk. Each lamb was studied with low cardiac output periods of 30 and 60 min on different days. Aortic and pulmonary artery blood pressures, gases, and O2 saturations, venous Hb, and arterial lactate concentrations were measured every 10 min during baseline, low output, and 60 min of recovery. Oxygen consumption was monitored continuously. Oxygen deficit and excess O2 of recovery were calculated from the time integral of the difference between O2 consumption at baseline and during the respective study period. The average percent decreases in cardiac output (66.4 and 64.6%) and 0 2 consumption (38.1 and 35.1%) were similar in the 2-and 8-wk groups, respectively. There was no consistent relation between 0 2 deficit and O2 repayment in either age group. However, on average the 2-wk group repaid a significantly lower percentage (3 f 16%, mean f SEM) than 8-wk-olds (76 k 29%). Moreover, lactate increased linearly with time and O2 deficit in both age groups, but lactate accumulated at a significantly lower rate in the 2-wk as compared to the 8-wk group for comparable deficits. We speculate that, during periods of very low cardiac output, 2-wk-old lambs not only decrease O2 consumption, but also decrease metabolic demands, possibly by suppressing nonessential metabolism. This results in fewer energy stores that need to be replenished during recovery. This is a potential mechanism for the greater tolerance of young animals to hypoxic stresses. (Pediatr Res 26: 180-187, 1989) When 0 2 supply to the tissues is critically reduced by hypoxemia, anemia, or low cardiac output, whole body O2 consumption decreases and an O2 deficit accumulates throughout the hypoxic period (1-3). With restoration of 0 2 supply, there is a Received November 3, 1988; accepted May 11, 1989. Correspondence John T. Fahey, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06510.Supported by a grant from the American Heart Association and the Connecticut Heart Affiliate. G. L. is an Established Investigator of the American Heart Association. transient excess in O2 consumption above the initial baseline level and it has been suggested that this excess represents "repayment" of some or all of the O2 deficit (4,5) in a manner analogous to exercise (6). However, in studies of hypoxic hypoxia by Adams and Cain (5) in adult dogs, it was observed that there was neither "repayment" of all n...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response to Low Cardiac Output: Developmental Differences in Metabolism during Oxygen Deficit and Recovery in Lambs

Fahey

Lister

1989

Pediatr Res

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“…Finally, when systemic oxygen delivery becomes severely diminished, oxygen consumption falls, initially reflecting a compensatory decrease in nonessential metabolic activity (26,27). This may have occurred when cardiac output was compromised by the decrease in preload.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Oxygen Uptake and Oxygen Transport in Stable Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Brent¹,

Matthay²,

Mahler³

et al. 1984

Am Rev Respir Dis

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This study was designed to determine whether alterations in systemic oxygen transport induced by the use of vasodilators for pulmonary hypertension would simultaneously affect oxygen uptake in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Six stable patients with moderate to severe COPD were studied during resting conditions, nitroprusside infusion, a second control period, and after administration of hydralazine. Systemic oxygen transport fell with nitroprusside infusion (523 +/- 94 to 418 +/- 78 ml/min/m2, p less than 0.05). With this there was a fall in oxygen uptake (135 +/- 11 to 119 +/- 12 ml/min/m2, p less than 0.05), but only a minimal increase in oxygen extraction. In contrast, systemic oxygen transport was augmented in all patients when hydralazine was administered (444 +/- 121 to 840 +/- 157 ml/min/m2, p less than 0.05). There was also a net increase in oxygen uptake in these patients (122 +/- 19 to 148 +/- 21 ml/min/m2, p less than 0.05). We postulate that these clinically stable patients have a resting oxygen uptake that may become dependent on systemic oxygen transport whenever the latter decreases. This phenomenon has been described previously only in patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome, and it is important to consider when designing studies of pharmacologic therapy for COPD complicated by pulmonary hypertension.

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“…Changes in the La concentration have, therefore, been used as an indirect measure of the lack of cel lular oxygen and as an indicator of the severi ty of a hypoxic insult [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemoglobin Is Inversely Related to Plasma Lactate and Heart Rate in the Newborn Piglet

et al. 1996

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It has been hypothesized that an increased level of plasma lactate (La), the product of anaerobic glycolysis, may identify infants with anaemia and early tissue hypoxia. In the newborn piglet, a frequently used model in experimental neonatology, there is a substantial decrease in haemoglobin (Hb) during the first days of life. We have investigated whether a low level of Hb is associated with an increased level of La in the newborn piglet. Arterial blood gas, Hb, glucose, La, and continuous blood pressure and heart rate (HR) recordings were obtained from 66 newborn piglets. In 4 additional piglets recordings were obtained before isovolemic anaemia, during isovolemic anaemia, and after retransfusion of packed red cells. A low concentration of Hb in the newborn piglet correlates with an increased level of La as well as with an increased HR. A reduction of Hb causes an increase in La and in HR. We hypothesize that increased La and increased HR are caused by mild hypoxia due to normal, low Hb levels in the apparently healthy, resting newborn piglet.

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O2 deficit incurred during hypoxia and its relation to lactate and excess lactate

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Response to Low Cardiac Output: Developmental Differences in Metabolism during Oxygen Deficit and Recovery in Lambs

Response to Low Cardiac Output: Developmental Differences in Metabolism during Oxygen Deficit and Recovery in Lambs

Relationship Between Oxygen Uptake and Oxygen Transport in Stable Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Haemoglobin Is Inversely Related to Plasma Lactate and Heart Rate in the Newborn Piglet

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