O zjawisku lęku językowego z perspektywy uczących się drugiego/kolejnego języka obcego online

Abstract

The aim of the paper is to reflect on the problem of language anxiety in the foreign language teaching-learning process. The concept of language anxiety in the online language teaching-learning context is discussed, with particular relation to synchronous communication tools. The context is the learners’ perspective of adult beginners at the university level learning French as a second/subsequent language. The research group included 85 students of the first and second years of French at the University of Silesia in Katowice. To collect the data participants were asked to complete the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS), developed by Horwitz, Horwitz and Cope (1986), and to respond to six additional questions, related to the online language teaching-learning context. Results showed that language anxiety is a phenomenon that may accompany the regular online teaching-learning process of a second/subsequent foreign language.

Emotions in Language Learning: Understanding Foreign Language Enjoyment and Anxiety in Higher Education

“…This discrepancy aligns with a general trend of focusing on negative factors that hinder language acquisition. However, within the unique educational context of foreign language degree programmes, there has been growing interest in examining students from Foreign Language Departments who, as part of their major, study two foreign languages-choosing from English, German, or French-either as a second (L2) or third foreign (L3) language (see, e.g., Bawej, 2017;Piechurska-Kuciel, 2017;Półtorak, 2019Półtorak, , 2022. Studies that examine single-language anxiety in conjunction with related factors, such as pronunciation competence and language learning competence, include works by Pawlak (2011), Szyszka (2011), andJanaszek (2018).…”

Statins—From Fungi to Pharmacy

“…atorvastatin 10-20 mg/day-Moderate intensity dosage 40-80 mg/day-High intensity dosage [65] ↓ 35%-10 mg/day [87] ↓ 30-40%-10 mg/day [27] ↓ 40-45%-20 mg/day [27] ↓ 46-50%-40 mg/day [27] ↓ 50-55%-80 mg/day [27] ↓ 37.1%-51.7%-10-80 mg/day [88] ↓ 36% to 53%-10-80 mg/day [89] ↑ 8%-10 mg/day [87] ↑ 4.5%-10 mg [81] Falling to 2.3%-80 mg [81] ↓ 20%-10 mg/day [90] ↓ 22.6%-20 mg/day [90] ↓ 26.8%-40 mg/day [90] Taking a statin at any time of the day [91]. A dose of 80 mg increases the risk of hamorrhagic stroke after a stroke, or TIA [92].…”