O TEATRO E O TELETEATRO APROXIMAÇÕES HÍBRIDAS: permanências e inovações

Costa, Clarice da Silva

doi:10.24824/978854440954.1

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“…We also found that inactivating these DANs resulted in significantly decreased mean speed during runs. In the adult Drosophila, DANs show context and state-movement-related responses [53,54], and midbrain DANs in vertebrates were shown to be involved in movement initiation, movement vigor, decision making, and learning [55][56][57][58]. Thus, these Drosophila DANs could be modulating the activity of higher order centers in the mushroom body, depending on the multisensory context or animal's behavioral states [58,59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Substrates of Drosophila Larval Anemotaxis

et al. 2019

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Graphical AbstractHighlights d Drosophila larvae perform negative anemotaxis d To anemotax, larvae modulate the turn rate, size, and direction as in other taxis d Chordotonal and multidendritic class III sensory neurons together mediate anemotaxis d The anemotactic circuitry involves both the nerve cord and the brain SUMMARY Animals use sensory information to move toward more favorable conditions. Drosophila larvae can move up or down gradients of odors (chemotax), light (phototax), and temperature (thermotax) by modulating the probability, direction, and size of turns based on sensory input. Whether larvae can anemotax in gradients of mechanosensory cues is unknown. Further, although many of the sensory neurons that mediate taxis have been described, the central circuits are not well understood. Here, we used highthroughput, quantitative behavioral assays to demonstrate Drosophila larvae anemotax in gradients of wind speeds and to characterize the behavioral strategies involved. We found that larvae modulate the probability, direction, and size of turns to move away from higher wind speeds. This suggests that similar central decision-making mechanisms underlie taxis in somatosensory and other sensory modalities. By silencing the activity of single or very few neuron types in a behavioral screen, we found two sensory (chordotonal and multidendritic class III) and six nerve cord neuron types involved in anemotaxis. We reconstructed the identified neurons in an electron microscopy volume that spans the entire larval nervous system and found they received direct input from the mechanosensory neurons or from each other. In this way, we identified local interneurons and firstand second-order subesophageal zone (SEZ) and brain projection neurons. Finally, silencing a dopaminergic brain neuron type impairs anemotaxis. These findings suggest that anemotaxis involves both nerve cord and brain circuits. The candidate neurons and circuitry identified in our study provide a basis for future detailed mechanistic understanding of the circuit principles of anemotaxis. CATMAID https://catmaid.readthedocs.org/ [32] MATLAB http://www.mathworks.com [45, 69] Current Biology 29, 554-566.e1-e4, February 18, 2019 e1

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