O group is a protective factor for COVID19 in Basque population

Abstract

ABO blood groups have recently been related to COVID19 infection. In the present work, we performed this analysis using data from 412 COVID19 patients and 17796 blood donors, all of them from Gipuzkoa, a region in Northern Spain. The results obtained confirmed this relation, in addition to showing a clear importance of group O as a protective factor in COVID19 disease, with an OR = 0.59 (CI95% 0.481–0.7177, p<0.0001) while A, B and AB are risk factors. ABO blood groups are slightly differently distributed in the populations and therefore these results should be replicated in the specific areas with a proper control population.

ABO blood group and link to COVID-19: A comprehensive review of the reported associations and their possible underlying mechanisms

“…Soon after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, an association between the ABO blood group and SARS-CoV-2 infection was firstly reported by Zhao et al, in which blood type A was significantly related to higher risk of COVID-19 infection in comparison to non-A blood types; while blood type O was significantly related to lower risk of COVID-19 infection compared to non-O blood types [ 14 ]. Subsequently, several studies have been reporting significant associations between blood type A and higher susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or blood type O and lower susceptibility [ 15 , [47] , [48] , [49] , [50] , [51] , [52] , [53] , [54] , [55] , [56] , [57] , [58] ]. A summary of the findings is described in Table 1 .…”

“…As can be seen from Table 2 , results regarding severity and outcomes are more variable than those regarding the risk of infection. Several studies that reported associations between ABO blood type and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection failed to describe any association for severity [ 47 , 49 , 54 , 56 , 57 , 59 , 61 , 68 , 71 , 73 , 78 ] or reached distinct associations [ 51 , 70 ]. Other studies also reported no association between ABO blood types and severe COVID-19 outcomes but in accordance with the finds reported for the risk of infection [ 19 , 20 , 60 , 65 , 67 ].…”

Correlation between ABO blood type, susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease severity: A systematic review

“…(2020) ( 52 ) Cross-sectional *** * ** MUÑOZ-CULLA et al . (2021) ( 53 ) Cross-sectional *** * ** KHASAYESI et al . (2021) ( 54 ) Cross-sectional ** * ** PASANGHA et al .…”

“…( 20 ) Cohort / 8 40,904 - 219 cases** - 40,685 controls 2 COVID-19 infection - Group A was more prevalent in COVID patients compared to controls MUÑOZ-CULLA et al ., 2021, Basque. ( 53 ) Cohort / 7 18,208 - 412 cases* - 17,796 controls 2 COVID-19 infection - Group A was more prevalent in COVID patients compared to controls, Group O was less prevalent in patients. DE FREITAS DUTRA et al ., 2021, Brazil.…”