O efeito das substituições realizadas no segundo tempo da partida na intensidade de jogo de futebol. DOI:10.5007/1980-0037.2012v14n2p183

Abstract

-Most soccer matches are conducted by coaches who usually make all player substitutions allowed. Therefore, it is extremely important to study these substitutions and their effects on the intensity of effort required from players. To date, no published studies have reported on this topic using heart rate (HR) as an intensity parameter. The objective of this study was to compare effort intensity (EI) of soccer players in the following situations: 1) first half (FH-EI); 2) second half (SH-EI); 3) second half with substitutions (SHS-EI). Forty-five male soccer players (18.5±1.2 years old, 74.25±5.79 kg, 182.6±8.55 cm, 9.56±2.47% body fat, 56.3±4.3 mLO 2 /kg/min) were evaluated during 29 official games. EI was considered as the mean HR, expressed as the percentage of each player's maximal HR (%HR max ) and as the time spent in each intensity zone (Z) according to %HR max (Z1<70%; Z2 70-85%; Z3 85-90%; Z4 90-95%; Z5 95-100%). FH-EI (86.3±3.3%HR max ) was higher than SH-EI (80.6±4.4%HR max ) and SHS-EI (83.6±2.8%HR max ). SHS-EI was higher than SH-EI (p<0.05). Time spent in high-intensity zones was lower in SH-EI than in FH-EI, but higher in SHS-EI when compared to SH-EI (p<0.05). It was concluded that the decrease in EI in the second half of soccer matches was attenuated by substitutions made at halftime, as evidenced by a longer time spent in high-intensity zones when compared to SH-EI. Key words: Heart rate; Soccer; Sports. (18.5 ± 1.2 anos, 74.25 ± 5.79 kg, 182.6 ± 8.55 cm, 9.56 ± 2.47 %G, 56.3 ± 4.3 (Z1<70%; Z2 70-85%; Z3 85-90%; Z4 90-95%; Z5 95-100%). IE no foi maior que no ) e que no Resumo -A maioria das partidas de futebol é conduzida por treinadores que realizam todas as substituições de jogadores permitidas. Dessa maneira, torna-se de extrema importância o estudo destas substituições e sua influência na intensidade de esforço dos atletas. Há de se mencionar, ainda, que não há nenhum estudo na literatura que tenha investigado sobre esse tópico utilizando a frequência cardíaca (FC) como um parâmetro de intensidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a intensidade de esforço (IE) dos jogadores de futebol nas situações: 1) primeiro tempo (PT-IE); 2) segundo tempo (ST-IE); 3) segundo tempo com substituições (STS-IE). Quarenta e cinco atletas de futebol do sexo masculino 184Player substitutions and intensity of second-half soccer match play Coelho et al.

Early Prediction of Physical Performance in Elite Soccer Matches—A Machine Learning Approach to Support Substitutions

“…In agreement with the literature, substitutes who had been introduced during the second half covered more distance and performed more high-intensity activities relative to entire-match players over the same period [8]. In addition, second-half substitutes spent more energy in higher power categories [28]. As substitutes demonstrate higher values in physical performance variables than the entire-match players, the substitution of underperformers may improve the team's performance and make the difference between winning and losing [5].…”

Accumulated Workload Differences in Collegiate Women’s Soccer: Starters versus Substitutes

“…and substitutes (6261.00 ± 2201.22 a.u. ; t [17] = 1.89, p = 0.08). = −0.61, p = 0.55), and high-speed distance (starters: 12.17 ± 2.47 km vs. substitutes: 12.72 ± 1.68 km; t [11.58] = −0.55, p = 0.60) did not differ between starters and substitutes during training sessions throughout the competitive season.…”

“…37 3. Seasonal accumulated high-speed distance was significantly higher for starters (36.87 ± 6.57 km) compared to substitutes (25.55 ± 8.10 km; t[17] = 3.23, p = 0.005) and matches (starters: 24.70 ± 5.12 km vs. substitutes: 12.83 ± 6.92 km; t [17] Seasonal accumulated sprints covered were significantly greater for starters (8169.63 ± 440.85 sprints) compared to substitutes (5771.55 ± 906.55 sprints; t[17] = 6.88, p < 0.001) and matches (starters: 4879.88 ± 485.43 sprints vs. substitutes: 2363.27 ± 1040.96 sprints; t[17] = 7.07, p < 0.001), as shown in Figure 3. Seasonal accumulated high-speed distance was significantly higher for starters (36.87 ± 6.57 km) compared to substitutes (25.55 ± 8.10 km; t[17] = 3.23, p = 0.005) and matches (starters: 24.70 ± 5.12 km vs. substitutes: 12.83 ± 6.92 km; t[17] = 4.09, p < 0.001), as shown in Figure 4.…”

“…Although no differences in successful pass percentages were observed between elite male soccer substitutes and starters, substituted players covered more distance at a high intensity (≥19.8 km/h; 12.4 ± 5.3 m/min) than players who participated in the entire match (9.8 ± 3.2 m/min) or were substituted (11.3 ± 3.2 m/min) due to the replacement of fatigued players or the need for tactical disruptions [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Similarly, decreases in exercise intensity were reduced with the incorporation of substitutes during matches [ 17 ].…”

“…The number of minutes played by each athlete during soccer matches also affects the physiological preparation in both sexes [ 6 , 12 ]. Although there are data available on the demands of elite female soccer [ 6 , 8 , 9 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], there is a larger representation of research on the demands of elite and collegiate male soccer players [ 11 , 12 , 16 , 17 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Additionally, research in the elite female soccer population may not be applicable to the collegiate female soccer population because there are differences in the demands of matches between collegiate and elite female soccer [ 20 , 21 , 27 , 28 ].…”