Nystagmus&lt;subtitle&gt;Diagnostic Significance of Recent Observations&lt;/subtitle&gt;

Fredrickson, John M.

doi:10.1001/archotol.1969.00770020506012

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Clark (41) suggested that degree of arousal must be taken into consideration when looking at duration of nys tagmus. Fredrickson, Kornhuber, and Goode (42) stated that nystag mus is enhanced by arousal and depressed by fatigue. This effect on nystagmus is especially important to the present study since the nor mal subjects were tested after partic ipation in an hour of strenuous exercise and jogging early in the morning, whereas the mentally retarded subjects were tested in the early evening after a day of activity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vestibular Function in Mildly Mentally Retarded Adults

Shuer¹,

Clark

Azen

1980

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this study was to compare the duration of nystagmus in mildly mentally retarded and normal adults as measured by the Southern California Postrotary Nystagmus Test. The results revealed that the retarded males demonstrated attenuated duration of nystagmus. These findings support the need for further investigation of possible sensory integrative deficits in this population so that proper treatment can be provided.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vestibular Function in Mildly Mentally Retarded Adults

Shuer¹,

Clark

Azen

1980

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although vertigo has been described with cervical lesions 12 I], not all authorities are convinced of its occurrence in humans [26].…”

Section: Cervical Vertigomentioning

confidence: 99%

The multisensory physiological and pathological vertigo syndromes

Brandt

Daroff

1980

Annals of Neurology

161

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vertigo occurs with either physiological stimulation or pathological dysfunction of any of the three stabilizing sensory systems: vestibular, visual, and somatosensory. The physiological syndromes, induced by intersensory or intrasensory mismatches, include motion sickness and space sickness as well as height, visual, somatosensory, auditory, head-extension, and bending-over vertigo. This review emphasizes the relationship between these physiological forms of vertigo and the pathological clinical vertigo syndromes.Brandt T, Daroff RB: The multisensory physiological and pathological vertigo syndromes.Ann Neurol 7:195-203, 1980 Vertigo is usually defined as a hallucination of movement secondary to a vestibular disturbance. Such a definition is, in our judgment, too restrictive, and we believe that a more useful and comprehensive definition is displeasing distortion of static gravitational orientation or erroneous perception of either self or object motion. Physiological vertigo usually implies a mismatch among inputs from the sensory systems subserving static and dynamic spatial orientation as well as posture: vestibular, visual, and somatosensory. These systems are mutually interactive and redundant, in that posture and locomotion are guided by simultaneous reafferent vestibular, visual, and somatosensory cues [23]. The functional ranges of the individual systems overlap, enabling them to compensate partially for each other's deficiencies.The intensity of vertigo is a function of the magnitude of the mismatch and is increased if the intact sensory systems are eliminated, such as with eye closure during pathological vestibular vertigo.Vertigo may thus be induced by physiological stimulation or pathological dysfunction of any of the stabilizing sensory systems. The symptoms of vertigo include sensory qualities identified as vestibular, visual, and somatosensory. As distinct from one's perception of self motion during natural locomotion, the vertigo experience is linked to impaired perception of a stationary environment; this perception is mediated by central nervous system processes known as "space constancy mechanisms." Loss of the outside stationary reference system required for orientation and postural regulation contributes to the distressing admixture of both self and surround motion.We review vertigo in this paper, emphasizing the parallelism between the physiological and pathological syndromes. Readers are referred to several recent reviews for fuller discussion of the specific pathological vestibular disorders [ 2 , 4 , 24, 33, 401. Physiological and clinical vertigo syndromes are commonly characterized by a combination of phenomena involving perceptual, oculomotor, postural, and vegetative manifestations: vertigo, nystugmus, ataxia, and nausea (Fig 1). These four manifestations correlate with different aspects of vestibular function and emanate from different sites within the central nervous system. The vertigo itself is consequent to a disturbance of cortical spatial orientation. Nystagmus is seconda...

show abstract