Nutshells as modifiers of carbon paste electrodes used in detecting chloroorganic water pollutants

Skrzypczyńska, Katarzyna; Kuśmierek, Krzysztof; Świątkowski, Andrzej; Dąbek, Lidia; Piros, Ilona

doi:10.15376/biores.15.1.368-381

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…As reported elsewhere [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], the electrochemical oxidation of 4-chlorophenol at the CPEs was controlled by adsorption, and the electrode peak currents were positively correlated with the physicochemical properties of the modifier used—peak currents were increased with the specific surface area and the adsorption capacity of the modifier. Thus, the textural, as well as the adsorptive properties of the CNTs toward 4-CP, were determined.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 60%

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Electropolymerized Aniline-Based Stainless Steel Fiber Coatings Modified by Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Electroanalysis of 4-Chlorophenol

Wierzbicka

2022

Materials

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In this paper, a stainless steel fiber coated electropolymerized aniline, without and with carbon nanotubes (SS/PANI and SS/PANI/CNT), along with CNTs modified carbon paste electrodes (CPEs), were prepared. The electrodes were characterized by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and applied for the detection of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP). For all the electrodes, the oxidative peak current showed a linear dependence on the 4-CP concentration in the range of 0.05–0.5 mmol/L with R2 ≥ 0.991. SS/PANI/CNT electrodes showed greater sensitivity for the detection of the 4-CP than the SS/PANI and CPEs. For all of the aniline-based stainless steel electrodes, both the LOD and LOQ decreased with the increase in the number of electropolymerization cycles. The lowest LOD (0.38 µmol/L) and LOQ (1.26 µmol/L) were observed for the SS/PANI/CNT electrode modified in aniline solution during 30 cycles. The methods were successfully applied to the analysis of 4-CP in real samples (tap water and river water). The results demonstrated the good agreement of the added and found concentrations of the 4-CP. The recovery and precision were from 95.12% to 102.24% and from 1.53% to 6.79%, respectively. The proposed electrodes exhibited acceptable reproducibility, admirable stability, and adequate repeatability and showed potential for the analysis of 4-CP in water.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 60%

“…The pulse height and width were set as 50 mV and 50 ms, respectively, and the sampling time was 50 ms. These electrochemical conditions were applied based on the previously described results [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electropolymerized Aniline-Based Stainless Steel Fiber Coatings Modified by Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Electroanalysis of 4-Chlorophenol

Wierzbicka

2022

Materials

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“…This clearly shows that PG material is a composite of graphite and silica [30] . Figure 1(b) displays Raman spectra of the PG 1B and 4H grades, which show peaks corresponding to defect (D), graphitic (G), and 2D (G*) bands positioned at ∼1350, ∼1580, and ∼2720 cm −1 , respectively [30,33–35] . The values of I D / I G were obtained as 0.66 and 0.89 for PG 1B and 4H grades, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…[30] Figure 1(b) displays Raman spectra of the PG 1B and 4H grades, which show peaks corresponding to defect (D), graphitic (G), and 2D (G*) bands positioned at ~1350, ~1580, and ~2720 cm À 1 , respectively. [30,[33][34][35] The values of I D /I G were obtained as 0.66 and 0.89 for PG 1B and 4H grades, respectively. These values certainly help to estimate the degree of defects or disorders in the graphitic structure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pencil Powered Faradaic Electrode for Lithium‐Ion Capacitors with High Energy and Wide Temperature Operation

Lathika

Lee

Aravindan

2022

Batteries & Supercaps

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Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) are considered next-generation energy storage devices that combine the goodness of both Liion batteries and electric double-layer capacitors. In this work, LIC is assembled with electrochemically pre-lithiated (LiC 6 ) pencil graphite (PG, 1B&4H grades) as anode and activated carbon (AC) as the cathode. PG grades, naturally available graphite silica composite materials, are characterized, and the electrochemical performance is studied in half-cell assembly for 14 grades. PG grades in the middle of the hardness scale demonstrated better electrochemical activity than the end compositions, representing the involvement of graphite and silica's role in overall performance. However, it is observed that SiO 2 /clay component in PG material is to provide only mechanical support to the system considering the inactiveness of SiO 2 towards Li storage. The assembled LICs (AC/PG 1B LIC) & (AC/PG 4B LIC) delivered maximum energy density of ~172 & ~162 Wh kg À 1 , respectively, with long-term stability under balanced mass loading conditions. Besides ambient temperature, the LICs exhibited stable performance at low (À 5 and 10 °C) and high-temperature (50 °C) conditions. The outstanding electrochemical performance of PG material in LIC assembly indicates the choice of pencil's aptness in energy storage devices.

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Nutshells as modifiers of carbon paste electrodes used in detecting chloroorganic water pollutants

Cited by 2 publications

References 37 publications

Electropolymerized Aniline-Based Stainless Steel Fiber Coatings Modified by Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Electroanalysis of 4-Chlorophenol

Electropolymerized Aniline-Based Stainless Steel Fiber Coatings Modified by Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Electroanalysis of 4-Chlorophenol

Pencil Powered Faradaic Electrode for Lithium‐Ion Capacitors with High Energy and Wide Temperature Operation

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