Nutritive Value of Virginia Wildrye, a Cool‐Season Grass Native to the Northeast USA

Sanderson, Matt A.; Skinner, R. Howard; Grinten, M. van der; Kujawski, Jennifer

doi:10.2135/cropsci2004.1385

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Concentrations of CP and dNDF were positively correlated with LSR ( r = 0.64 and 0.57, respectively; P < 0.01), whereas NDF concentrations were negatively correlated ( r = −0.42; P < 0.01). These correlations are consistent with results from a similar evaluation of Virginia wildrye (Sanderson et al, 2004b). Weak or inconsistent correlations occurred with leaf area, length, width, and specific leaf area (data not shown).…”

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confidence: 90%

“…A recent review of Elymus species did not include any information on bottlebrush grass (Asay and Jensen, 1996). Virginia wildrye ( Elymus virginicus L.) has been evaluated in the northeastern USA in terms of yield, persistence, and nutritive value (Sanderson et al, 2004a, 2004b). Virginia wildrye performed better on a deep soil in New York compared with shallow or sandy soils in Pennsylvania and Maryland, respectively.…”

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Eastern Bottlebrush Grass Yield, Persistence, and Nutritive Value in the Northeastern USA

et al. 2004

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Jensen, 1996). Virginia wildrye (Elymus virginicus L.) has been evaluated in the northeastern USA in terms Introduced (nonnative) species account for nearly all of the forage of yield, persistence, and nutritive value (Sanderson et grasses used in northeastern USA forage systems. We evaluated accesal., 2004a, 2004b). Virginia wildrye performed better on sions of the native cool-season species, Eastern bottlebrush grass (Elymus hystrix var. hystrix L.), from the northeastern USA for yield, a deep soil in New York compared with shallow or persistence, plant morphological traits, and nutritive value. Thirteen sandy soils in Pennsylvania and Maryland, respectively. accessions and one commercial ecotype of bottlebrush grass were The nutritive value of Virginia wildrye was comparable transplanted into single-row field plots in late summer of 2000 at to that of orchardgrass; however, orchardgrass was much Beltsville, MD, Rock Springs, PA, and Big Flats, NY. Two orchardgrass more productive and persistent. (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars were included for reference. Yield, There is a need for more information on the usepersistence, morphology (leaf width, length, mass, area, and tillers fulness of locally adapted native grasses in production, per plant), and nutritive value data were collected during 2001 and conservation, and other plantings in the northeastern 2002. Bottlebrush grass was eliminated by the bluegrass billbug (Sphe-USA. Therefore, we evaluated several northeastern colnophorus parvulus Gyllenhal) at Rock Springs in spring of 2001. At lections of bottlebrush grass for dry matter yield, persis-Big Flats and Beltsville, the bottlebrush grass accessions produced as much dry matter per plant as the commercial ecotype. Orchardgrass tence, morphological characteristics, and nutritive value yielded four times as much dry matter as the mean of all bottlebrush at three locations. grass entries (102 g vs. 26 g per plant averaged for years and locations). The low productivity of bottlebrush grass resulted from reduced tiller-Abbreviations: CP, crude protein; dNDF, digestible neutral detergent Published in Crop Sci. 44:2193-2198 (2004).

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Eastern Bottlebrush Grass Yield, Persistence, and Nutritive Value in the Northeastern USA

et al. 2004

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“…The S and H genomes in Elymus derive from Pseudoroegneria and Critesion (formerly Hordeum ) species, respectively, based on cytogenetic (Dewey, 1984), genomic DNA (Sun et al, 1997) and chloroplast DNA evidence (McMillan and Sun, 2004). There is interest in using CWR and VWR for forage production (Schuster and de Leon Garcia, 1973; Sanderson et al, 2004a,b), conservation purposes (Bush, 2002; USDA–NRCS, 2003; Lloyd‐Reilly et al, 2003), reclamation plantings (Ponder, 1979; Nord et al, 1996), and as a source of genes for improvement of other species (Dahleen, 1996; Dahleen and Joppa, 1992; Kumar and Walton, 1992; Park and Walton, 1989).…”

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Genetic Variation within and among Wildrye (Elymus canadensis and E. virginicus) Populations from the Southern Great Plains

2009

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There is interest in Canada wildrye (CWR, Elymus canadensis L.) and Virginia wildrye (VWR, E. virginicus L.) for conservation and forage uses. Our objectives were to identify a set of molecular markers to assess genetic structure within and diversity among populations of CWR and VWR from the Southern Great Plains and to determine if these populations had an associated fungal endophyte. Nine CWR and five VWR populations and two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars were genotyped using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers isolated from tall fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh.] expressed sequence tags (TF ESTs). Scorable fragments were produced by 31% of TF EST‐SSRs tested, thus identifying a set of SSR markers for wildrye. Populations grouped into three clusters consisting of (i) three wild populations, one plant introduction, and two commercial sources of CWR; (ii) all VWR populations and three CWR plant introductions; and (iii) barley cultivars. Clustering indicated possible gene flow between CWR and VWR. Genetic variation within populations was minimal and comparable to that of the barley cultivars. Thus, unlike many ancestral cultivars and landraces of self‐pollinated crops, CWR and VWR populations consisted of essentially pure lines and can be handled as such in a breeding program. Potentially sexual and asexual epichloë endophytes were found in several populations, indicating the need to account for endophytes in breeding and germplasm conservation efforts of wildrye.

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“…The two orchardgrass cultivars outyielded the wildryes over years and locations and had better persistence. The forage quality of the Virginia wildrye accessions was similar to that of other cool-season grasses at similar stages of maturity (Sanderson et al, 2004b). The authors' conclusion was that the most viable use for Virginia wildrye would be in conservation plantings rather than for forage purposes.…”

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Genetic Variation among Canada Wildrye Accessions from Midwest USA Remnant Prairies for Biomass Yield and other Traits

et al. 2006

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Canada wildrye (Elymus canadensis L.) and Virginia wildrye (Elymus virginicus L.), which are native to the USA, were collected from remnant Midwest prairies. The objectives of this study were to determine the genetic variability among the collected accessions for biomass yield and other traits, determine the extent of genotype 3 environment interactions for these traits across Midwest environments, and to determine the relationship between the geographical location of the collection site and evaluation sites for these accessions for plant biomass yield which can be used as a measure of adaptation. Seed collected from six Midwest states was bulked by collection site to form individual accessions. Space transplanted evaluation nurseries were established at Mead, NE, Ames, IA, and West Lafayette, IN, and accessions were evaluated on a plot basis for 2 yr. There was significant genetic variation among accessions for post-heading forage yield, heading date, height, pre-heading in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and crude protein (CP) concentration, and post-heading CP concentration. Strain 3 location (S 3 L) interaction effects were only significant for post-heading IVDMD and height indicating that for the other traits, the relative ranking of the strains was similar at all three locations over the two evaluation years. Regression analyses of the effect of distance of the collection site from the evaluation site (direct, east or west, and north or south) on biomass yield were largely nonsignificant or had very low R 2 values. These regression results along with the nonsignificant S 3 L effects from the analysis of variance indicate that longitudinal or latitudinal adaptation gradients for plant biomass yield are lacking for Canada wildrye accessions from Midwest prairies. All but five of the Canada wildrye accessions had higher biomass yield than the only released cultivar, Mandan, indicating that this germplasm can be used to develop improved cultivars that should be adapted to the region represented by the collection and evaluation sites.

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Nutritive Value of Virginia Wildrye, a Cool‐Season Grass Native to the Northeast USA

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Eastern Bottlebrush Grass Yield, Persistence, and Nutritive Value in the Northeastern USA

Eastern Bottlebrush Grass Yield, Persistence, and Nutritive Value in the Northeastern USA

Genetic Variation within and among Wildrye (Elymus canadensis and E. virginicus) Populations from the Southern Great Plains

Genetic Variation among Canada Wildrye Accessions from Midwest USA Remnant Prairies for Biomass Yield and other Traits

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