Nutritive value for ruminants of two herbaceous South American native legumes: Adesmia bicolor and Adesmia macrostachya

Abstract

Abstract. Chemical composition, in vitro fermentation and in situ degradability of the native South American legumes Adesmia bicolor and A. macrostachya were studied at vegetative (VG), flowering (FW) and seeding (SD) stages, and compared with those of alfalfa at 10% flowering (AL) in two separate studies. In A. bicolor, crude protein (CP) content was highest for FW, and FW and SD showed higher values than did AL (P < 0.05). At all stages, A. bicolor showed a lower content of neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre than did AL (P < 0.05). The maximum gas production (Coefficient b) was highest for FW, and no differences were recorded between SD and AL, the lowest value being for VG (P < 0.05). The effective dry matter degradability was higher for FW and VG than for SD and AL (P < 0.05), whereas effective CP degradability tended (P = 0.077) to be higher for FW than for the other stages of A. bicolor, but no differences between FW and AL were detected. A. macrostachya had lower CP content (P < 0.001), but its VG and FW stages also had lower proportions of neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and acid detergent lignin (P < 0.01) than did AL. Chemical and fermentation parameters were affected by maturity of A. macrostachya. The effective dry matter degradability was higher for VG and FW than for SD and AL (P < 0.001), but no differences were apparent on the effective CP degradability. A. bicolor showed a high nutritive value, which was even higher than that of AL, and the maturity stage of this species did not markedly affect its nutritive value, whereas the nutritive value of A. macrostachya reduced as it matured.

Season Progression, Ontogenesis, and Environment Affect Lespedeza cuneata Herbage Condensed Tannin, Fiber, and Crude Protein Concentrations

“…Date 1 values were uniformly greater than date 3, 102, and 118% in the cases of Alabama and North Carolina plants, respectively. A decline in CP concentration with advancing ontogeny has been reported for other perennial, warm‐season legumes (Fischbach et al, 2005; Vileta et al, 2014). Unlike what was reported in the literature for similar legume species (Fischbach et al, 2005; Vileta et al, 2014), date 4 CP concentrations were greater than date 3 concentrations in North Carolina and were unchanged in Louisiana, Texas, and Alabama, indicating that growth of new leaves may have increased leaf:stem ratios following seed set.…”

“…Responses variability by location and date make predicting CP concentration in SL regrowth and accumulated herbage challenging. Perennial legume herbage regrowth CP patterns and accumulated herbage in the late season do not follow the more predictable patterns associated with ontogenesis independent of regrowth, where older aboveground material tends to contain less CP (Cooper et al, 2014; Vileta et al, 2014).…”

“…In other legumes, cooler climates (NC average annual temperature is 16.1°C) tend to favor lower fiber concentration and greater plant digestibility in ruminants (Wilson et al, 1986; Newman et al, 2005) over warmer climates (LA average annual temperature is 20.3°C). With season progression, however, plant maturity will usually increase fiber concentration, which, in turn, depresses legume digestibility (Borreani et al, 2003; Vileta et al, 2014). Georgia and TX NDF concentration by Date 3 and AL NDF and ADF by Date 4 were lower than the other locations.…”

Contenido de nutrientes de especies leñosas en la estepa patagónica, Argentina.

“…A. salamancensis belongs to the Leguminosae, a family characterized by high CP in their leaves, with an average of 18% (Hacker et al, 1981). Although there are no reports from other woody species of Adesmia, the CP content in this species (10%) was lower than that reported for herbaceous species of this genus (Cuevas et al, 2012;Sheffer-Basso et al, 2001, Nakamatsu et al, 2011, Vileta et al, 2014. As reported by Goluscio et al (2006) for Adesmia volckmannii, hydric stress may also contribute to the low CP content because it may limit the biological fixation of nitrogen in this species.…”

RITMO DE CRECIMIENTO, PRODUCCIÓN DE BIOMASA Y DINÁMICA DE MOVILIZACIÓN DE CARBOHIDRATOS EN UN CULTIVO DE Adesmia bicolor (POIR.) DC (FABACEAE)

“…Adesmia bicolor es herbácea, perenne, de ciclo indefinido (preferentemente invernal) y tolerante a bajos niveles de fósforo (P) en el suelo (11 ppm) (Dodd y Orr, 1995;Pereira, 2011). Tiene eficiencia de fijación biológica de N del 59%, y calidad nutricional (alta degradabilidad: 53,5% a las 6 hs, alcanzando 84% a las 24 hs; bajo contenido de fibras: 25,5% fibra detergente neutro y 20,5% fibra detergente ácido; bajo contenido de lignina detergente ácido: 6,24%; y alto contenido de proteína bruta: 18,5%) indican que presenta alto potencial para uso forrajero (Basconsuelo et al, 2013;Bianco et al, 2013;Vileta et al, 2013).…”