Nutritional value and health-promoting properties of mare's milk - a review

Jastrzębska, Ewa; Wadas, E.; Daszkiewicz, Tomasz; Pietrzak-Fiećko, Renata

doi:10.17221/61/2016-cjas

Cited by 42 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In addition, it has a much higher lactose content (6.37%) and a lower fat content (1.21%) than cow milk (Uniacke-Lowe et al, 2010). Mare milk has a high biological activity, which results in part from the presence of immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, and lysozyme, which beneficially affect the human body (Malacarne et al, 2002;Jastrzębska et al, 2017). Clinical studies indicate that mare milk and fermented mare milk products (e.g., kumys) are recommended for feeding children with cow milk allergies and for supporting immunity in the elderly and convalescents (Businco et al, 2000;Salimei and Fantuz, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Freezing point and other technological properties of milk of the Polish Coldblood horse breed

Cais‐Sokolińska¹,

Danków²,

Bierzuńska³

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

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Mare milk is a valued and sought-after raw material for the production of innovative dairy products. The high demand, low supply, high price, and lack of accurate characterization of the milk of a given horse breed may provoke its deliberate fraudulent dilution. The aim of this work was to analyze the freezing point against a background of various selected technological parameters of Polish Coldblood mare milk. Research was carried out on multiparous Polish Coldblood mares from 5 to 8 yr of age with live weights between 618 and 851 kg. Their milk was tested on d 1, 3, and 7 postpartum and once a month for the next 9 mo of lactation (n = 52). Milk from 13 mares, taken daily in mo 4 of lactation, was collected for the dilution study (n = 403). The basic composition of the milk was as follows: solids-not-fat, 84.4 g/kg, fat 15.1 g/kg, lactose 65.3 g/kg, and total protein 24.2 g/kg (made up of casein, 14.6 g/kg, and whey protein, 9.5 g/kg). The dominant amino acids were glutamic acid, proline, leucine, and aspartic acid. The mean freezing point during a 9-mo lactation was -0.557°C (coefficient of variation = -2.787; 5th to 95th percentile: -0.563 to -0.550°C). Based on our analysis, we adopted -0.550°C (from 3 to 6 mo) as the reference value for milk from the Polish Coldblood horse. Analysis of the model of changes in freezing point, after dilution, using the coefficient of determination and Akaike's information criterion, showed that a linear model could be recommended (y = 79.35 + 144.35x). Addition of 1% water increased the freezing point of Polish Coldblood mare milk by 0.0069°C.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mare milk is clearer and whiter than cow milk; it has a low fat and protein content, of which only 50 to 55% is casein (Jastrzębska et al, 2017). Therefore, it is more transparent than cow milk and is a delicate shade of blue (similar to diluted cow milk).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Freezing point and other technological properties of milk of the Polish Coldblood horse breed

Cais‐Sokolińska¹,

Danków²,

Bierzuńska³

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…The quаntitаtive relаtion of unsаturаted-to-sаturаted fаtty аcids in mаre's milk (1:3) is neаr to thаt in humаn milk (1:2), whereаs it deviаtes from the vаlues typicаl for cow's milk (2:1). Mаre's milk is а good source of linoleic аcid аnd α-linolenic аcid, which аre not synthesized by the humаn body аnd which аre essentiаl for the growth аnd development of nervous system [4]. Mаre's milk contаins fewer triglycerides, but it is richer for free fаtty аcids (FFА) аnd phospholipids for 9 аnd 5 times respectively, which is necessаry for cellulаr membrаnes.…”

Section: Fаtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional and medical properties of mare's milk (review).

Мусаев¹,

Zhussupov²,

Zhanen³

et al. 2018

Medicine

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Recent interest in mаre's milk is аssociаted with the fаct thаt it wаs used by mаny people аround the world, is аn аncient relic of Turkic people аnd contаins а wide vаriety of nutrients with heаlth-promoting properties. Аmong milk of mаny mаmmаl species, mаre's milk is highly аppreciаted for similаrity to humаn milk in terms of chemicаl composition аllowing its use аs а substitute for mother's milk in infаnt feeding. It cаn аlso be used in feeding people with vаrious heаlth conditions, pаrticulаrly the pаtients in group of risk or suffering from Tuberculosis аnd Hepаtitis C. This аrticle is mаking а review of rich composition of mаre's milk.

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“…Due to equine milk's relatively low allergenic potential compared to cow, sheep, and goat milk, it would seem to be a valuable alternative for people suffering from hypersensitivity to the proteins found in ruminants' milk, which is one of the most common food allergies globally [6]. Furthermore, because mare's milk contains high levels of bioactive substances, such as lysozyme and lactoferrin, it can be used as a supportive treatment for some human diseases, like gastric ulcers and atopic dermatitis [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genes encoding equine β-lactoglobulin (LGB1 and LGB2): Polymorphism, expression, and impact on milk composition

et al. 2020

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β-lactoglobulin is one of the most abundant milk whey proteins in many mammal species, including the domestic horse. The aim of this study was to screen for polymorphism in the equine LGB1 and LGB2 gene sequences (all exons, introns, and 5'-flanking region) and to assess potential relationship of particular genotypes with gene expression levels (measured in milk somatic cells) and milk composition traits (protein, fat, lactose, and total β-lactoglobulin content). Direct DNA sequencing analysis was performed for twelve horse breeds: Polish Primitive Horse (PPH), Polish Coldblood Horse (PCH), Polish Warmblood Horse (PWH), Silesian, Hucul, Fjording, Haflinger, Shetland Pony, Welsh Pony, Arabian, Thoroughbred, and Percheron-and revealed the presence of 83 polymorphic sites (47 and 36 for LGB1 and LGB2 genes, respectively), including eight that were previously unknown. Association analysis of the selected polymorphisms, gene expression, and milk composition traits (conducted for the PPH, PCH, and PWH breeds) showed several statistically significant relationships; for example, the two linked LGB1 SNPs (rs1143515669 and rs1144647991) were associated with total milk protein content (p < 0.01). Our study also confirmed that horse breed had significant impact on both gene transcript levels (p < 0.01) and on milk LGB content (p < 0.05), whereas an influence of lactation period was seen only for gene relative mRNA abundances (p < 0.01).

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Nutritional value and health-promoting properties of mare's milk - a review

Cited by 42 publications

References 31 publications

Freezing point and other technological properties of milk of the Polish Coldblood horse breed

Freezing point and other technological properties of milk of the Polish Coldblood horse breed

Nutritional and medical properties of mare's milk (review).

Genes encoding equine β-lactoglobulin (LGB1 and LGB2): Polymorphism, expression, and impact on milk composition

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