Nutritional Supplements and Metabolic Syndrome

Mendelson, Scott D.

doi:10.1016/b978-012374240-7.50012-7

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 246 publications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C2, the acetylated form of carnitine, plays an integral role in the transport of fatty acids to the mitochondria, where they are oxidized to generate acetyl coenzyme A (CoA) for energy production. 35 Recently, Tootsi et al 36 studied 70 end-stage OA patients prior to joint replacement and 82 age-matched controls and found that levels of medium-and long-chain acylcarnitines were significantly decreased in OA patients and were associated with OA radiographic severity. We previously studied the metabolic profiles of synovial fluid samples of 80 end-stage OA patients who underwent TJR and found that there were two distinct groups, with one group having significantly lower concentrations of all the acylcarnitines measured in the study, as well as a high prevalence of metabolic-related and cardiovascular diseases.…”

Section: Metabolomics Of Non-responders To Tjrmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolomics Signature for Non‐Responders to Total Joint Replacement Surgery in Primary Osteoarthritis Patients: The Newfoundland Osteoarthritis Study

Costello

Liu

et al. 2019

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Although total joint replacement (TJR) surgery is considered as the most effective treatment for advanced osteoarthritis (OA) patients, up to one‐third of patients reported unfavorable long‐term post‐operative pain outcomes. We aimed to identify metabolic biomarkers to predict non‐responders to TJR using a metabolomics approach. TJR patients were recruited and followed‐up at least 1‐year post‐surgery; TJR outcomes were assessed by Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain and function subscales. Targeted metabolomic profiling was performed on plasma samples collected pre‐surgery and pairwise metabolite ratios, as proxies for enzymatic reactions, were calculated. Association tests were performed between each metabolite ratio and non‐responders. The metabolome‐wide significance was defined as p < 2 × 10−5. A total of 461 TJR patients due to primary OA were included in the analysis. Fifteen percent of patients were classified as pain non‐responders; 16% were classified as function non‐responders. Lower baseline WOMAC pain and function scores were significantly associated with pain and function non‐responders, respectively (both p < 0.03). Two metabolite ratios were significantly associated with pain non‐responders; acetylcarnitine (C2) to phosphatidylcholine acyl‐alkyl C40:1 (PC ae C40:1) was five times higher in pain non‐responders whereas phosphatidylcholine diacyl C36:4 (PC aa C36:4) to isoleucine was twenty one times lower in pain non‐responders than responders (all p ≤ 1.93 × 10−5). One metabolite ratio, glutamine to isoleucine, was significantly lower in function non‐responders than responders (eight times lower; p = 1.08 × 10−5). Three metabolite ratios (C2 to PC ae C40:1, PC aa C36:4, and glutamine to isoleucine) related to inflammation and muscle breakdown could be considered as novel plasma markers for predicting non‐responders to TJR and warrant further investigation. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:793‐802, 2020

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metabolomics Of Non-responders To Tjrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomics Signature for Non‐Responders to Total Joint Replacement Surgery in Primary Osteoarthritis Patients: The Newfoundland Osteoarthritis Study

Costello

Liu

et al. 2019

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…Additionally, 2-amino-isobutyric acid, an end-product of pyrimidine metabolism, increased in abundance at 36 HPI. Acetylcarnitine, which plays a role in mitochondria energy production [18], on the other hand, decreased as infection progressed (Figure 7). By contrast, other molecules involved in the generation of energy, such as phosphoenolpyruvate and citric acid, did not show important changes during CrPV infection.…”

Section: Key Metabolites Required For Acute Infection Of Crpv In S2 Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic Analysis of Cricket paralysis virus Infection in Drosophila S2 Cells Reveals Divergent Effects on Central Carbon Metabolism as Compared with Silkworm Bm5 Cells

Wang

Swevers

Meulebroek

et al. 2020

Viruses

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High-throughput approaches have opened new opportunities for understanding biological processes such as persistent virus infections, which are widespread. However, the potential of persistent infections to develop towards pathogenesis remains to be investigated, particularly with respect to the role of host metabolism. To explore the interactions between cellular metabolism and persistent/pathogenic virus infection, we performed untargeted and targeted metabolomic analysis to examine the effects of Cricket paralysis virus (CrPV, Dicistroviridae) in persistently infected silkworm Bm5 cells and acutely infected Drosophila S2 cells. Our previous study (Viruses 2019, 11, 861) established that both glucose and glutamine levels significantly increased during the persistent period of CrPV infection of Bm5 cells, while they decreased steeply during the pathogenic stages. Strikingly, in this study, an almost opposite pattern in change of metabolites was observed during different stages of acute infection of S2 cells. More specifically, a significant decrease in amino acids and carbohydrates was observed prior to pathogenesis, while their abundance significantly increased again during pathogenesis. Our study illustrates the occurrence of diametrically opposite changes in central carbon mechanisms during CrPV infection of S2 and Bm5 cells that is possibly related to the type of infection (acute or persistent) that is triggered by the virus.

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“…Additionally, vitamin C has been shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of L -carnitine (Rebouche, 1991) playing a role in the transport of fatty acids into mitochondria for energy production. Enzymes can readily convert carnitine to acetyl-carnitine and vice versa, according to the metabolic needs of the cell (Mendelson, 2008). Acetyl-carnitine can cross the blood brain barrier and act as a precursor in the production of acetylcholine and supports healthy cerebral blood flow (White and Scates, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Vitamin C Concentrations and Cognitive Function: A Cross-Sectional Study

Travica

Ried

Sali

et al. 2019

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Vitamin-C is a water soluble molecule that humans have lost the ability to produce. Vitamin-C plays a role in CNS functions such as neuronal differentiation, maturation, myelin formation and modulation of the catecholaminergic systems. A recent systematic review by our team indicated the need for further research into the relationship between plasma vitamin C and cognition in cognitively intact participants using plasma vitamin C concentrations instead of estimates derived from food-frequency-questionnaires (FFQ), and more sensitive cognitive assessments suitable for cognitive abilities vulnerable to aging. It was hypothesized that higher plasma vitamin C concentrations would be linked with higher cognitive performance. This cross-sectional trial was conducted on healthy adults ( n = 80, Female = 52, Male = 28, 24–96 years) with a range of plasma Vitamin C concentrations. Cognitive assessments included The Swinburne-University-Computerized-Cognitive-Assessment-Battery (SUCCAB) and two pen and paper tests, the Symbol-Digits-Modalities-Test (SDMT) and Hopkins-Verbal-Learning-Test-Revised (HVLT-R). The pen and paper assessments were conducted to establish whether their scores would correlate with the computerized tasks. Plasma-Vitamin C concentrations were measured using two biochemical analyses. Participants were grouped into those with plasma vitamin-C concentrations of adequate level (≥28 μmol/L) and deficient level (<28 μmol/L). The SUCCAB identified a significantly higher performance ratio (accuracy/reaction-time) in the group with adequate vitamin-C levels vs. deficient vitamin-C on the choice reaction time ( M = 188 ± 4 vs. 167 ± 9, p = 0.039), immediate recognition memory ( M = 81 ± 3 vs. 68 ± 6, p = 0.03), congruent Stroop ( M = 134 ± 3 vs. 116 ± 7, p = 0.024), and delayed recognition tasks ( M = 72 ± 2 vs. 62 ± 4, p = 0.049), after adjusting for age ( p < 0.05). Significantly higher scores in immediate recall on the HVLT-R ( M = 10.64 ± 0.16 vs. 9.17 ± 0.37, p = 0.001), delayed recall ( M = 9.74 ± 0.22 vs. 7.64 ± 0.51, p < 0.001), total recall ( M = 27.93 ± 0.48 vs. 24.19 ± 1.11, p = 0.003) were shown in participants with adequate plasma Vitamin-C concentrations, after adjusting for vitamin-C supplementation dose ( p < 0.05). Similarly, higher SDMT scores were observed in participants with adequate plasma Vitamin-C concentrations ( M = 49.73 ± 10.34 vs. 41.38 ± 5.06, p = 0.039), after adjusting for age ( p < 0.05). In conclusion there was a significant association between vitamin-C plasma concentrations and performance on tasks involving attention, ...

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Nutritional Supplements and Metabolic Syndrome

Cited by 19 publications

References 246 publications

Metabolomics Signature for Non‐Responders to Total Joint Replacement Surgery in Primary Osteoarthritis Patients: The Newfoundland Osteoarthritis Study

Metabolomics Signature for Non‐Responders to Total Joint Replacement Surgery in Primary Osteoarthritis Patients: The Newfoundland Osteoarthritis Study

Metabolomic Analysis of Cricket paralysis virus Infection in Drosophila S2 Cells Reveals Divergent Effects on Central Carbon Metabolism as Compared with Silkworm Bm5 Cells

Plasma Vitamin C Concentrations and Cognitive Function: A Cross-Sectional Study

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