Nutritional Studies of Vegetarians

Hardinge, Mervyn G.; Crooks, Hulda; Stare, Frederick J.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/10.6.516

Cited by 48 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Vegans tend to have lower intakes of energy, protein, fat, calcium, riboflavin, saturated fatty acids and vitamin B12, and higher intakes of unrefined carbohydrates, thiamin, vitamin C, vitamin A, polyunsaturated fatty acids, fibre, folate and iron than omnivores (Hardinge & Stare, 1954a;Hardinge, Crooks & Stare, 1962;Miller & Mumford, 1972;Mumford & Ellis, unpublished results).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haematological studies on vegans

1978

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I . The concentrations of vitamin Bls and folate in the serum and folate in the erythrocytes were determined and full blood counts made on a series of Caucasian vegans and omnivore controls.2 . The blood counts and films were normal in all the vegans and no subject had a haemoglobin concentration below the lower limit of normality.3. Although within the normal range, male but not female vegans had lower values for erythrocyte counts and higher values for mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin than their controls regardless of whether they were taking vitamin B,, supplements or not. 4.The mean serum vitamin B1, concentration was lower in the vegans not taking vitamin B,, supplements and in those using foods supplemented with the vitamin than in the controls, but in no subject was it below 80 ng/l.5. The serum folate concentrations were higher in the vegans than in their controls. The mean value for erythrocyte folate tended to be greater in the vegans not taking vitamin B12 supplements. No subject had an erythrocyte folate concentration of less than IOO pg/l. 6. It is concluded that megaloblastic anaemia is very rare in Caucasian vegans and that a diet consisting entirely of plant foods is generally adequate to promote normal blood formation providing it is composed of a mixture of unrefined cereals, pulses, nuts, fruit and vegetables and is supplemented with vitamin BIE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haematological studies on vegans

1978

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“…Probably, the first thoughtful investigation on vegetarian diets was conducted by Mervyn G. Hardinge as a doctoral dissertation at Harvard in the early 1950s [9,10,11]. His research was initially met with resistance [12], but later became the founding Dean of Loma Linda University School of Public Health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Meatless, the Health Effects of Vegan Diets: Findings from the Adventist Cohorts

2014

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Vegetarians, those who avoid meat, and vegans, additionally avoiding dairy and eggs, represent 5% and 2%, respectively, of the US population. The aim of this review is to assess the effects of vegetarian diets, particularly strict vegetarian diets (i.e., vegans) on health and disease outcomes. We summarized available evidence from three prospective cohorts of Adventists in North America: Adventist Mortality Study, Adventist Health Study, and Adventist Health Study-2. Non-vegetarian diets were compared to vegetarian dietary patterns (i.e., vegan and lacto-ovo-vegetarian) on selected health outcomes. Vegetarian diets confer protection against cardiovascular diseases, cardiometabolic risk factors, some cancers and total mortality. Compared to lacto-ovo-vegetarian diets, vegan diets seem to offer additional protection for obesity, hypertension, type-2 diabetes, and cardiovascular mortality. Males experience greater health benefits than females. Limited prospective data is available on vegetarian diets and body weight change. Large randomized intervention trials on the effects of vegetarian diet patterns on neurological and cognitive functions, obesity, diabetes, and other cardiovascular outcomes are warranted to make meaningful recommendations.

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“…A nutritionally sound vegetarian diet is possible if adequate amounts of a wide variety of foods are consumed (Grandjean 1989;Harding et al 1996), but there are certain nutrients that vegetarians must be aware of and plan for to ensure the presence of adequate amounts in their diets. The most obvious nutrient of concern is protein.…”

Section: Nutritional Adequacy Of Vegetarian Diets Protein Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Vegetarian Athlete

Berning

2000

Nutrition in Sport

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Nutritional Studies of Vegetarians

Cited by 48 publications

References 31 publications

Haematological studies on vegans

Haematological studies on vegans

Beyond Meatless, the Health Effects of Vegan Diets: Findings from the Adventist Cohorts

The Vegetarian Athlete

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