Nutritional stress compromises mosquito fitness and antiviral immunity but enhances dengue virus infection susceptibility

Yan, Jiayue; Kim, Chang‐Hyun; Chesser, Leta; Ramı́rez, José Luis; Stone, Chris

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1474954/v1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Our data now specifies that males and females have different requirements in bacteria-derived metabolites, notably biotin, while the amount of provided food did not vary in our experiments. Females may also need more energy storage than males for egg production, as egg production after the first blood meal has been found to be strongly correlated with richness of the larval food 22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional sex-specificity on bacterial metabolites during mosquito development leads to adult sex-ratio distortion

Gendrin,

Romoli,

Serrato-Salas

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Mosquitoes rely on their microbiota for B vitamin synthesis. We previously found that Aedes aegypti third-instar larvae cleared of their microbiota were impaired in their development, notably due to a lack of folic acid (vitamin B9). In this study, we investigated the effects of other B vitamins on the development of germ-free mosquito larvae. We found that diet supplementation using a cocktail of seven B vitamins did not improve mosquito developmental success, but rather had a significant impact on the sex-ratio of the resulting adults, with an enrichment of female mosquitoes emerging from B vitamin-treated larvae. A transcriptomic analysis of male and female larvae identified some sex-specific regulated genes upon vitamin treatment. When treating germ-free larvae with high doses of individual B vitamins, we detected a specific toxic effect related to biotin (vitamin B7) exposure at high concentrations. We then provided germ-free larvae with varying biotin doses or with varying bacterial counts, and showed that males are sensitive to biotin toxicity at a lower concentration than females, and require less bacteria-derived nutrients than females. These findings shed new light on sex-specific nutritional requirements and toxicity thresholds during the development of insect larvae, which impact the sex ratio of adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional sex-specificity on bacterial metabolites during mosquito development leads to adult sex-ratio distortion

Gendrin,

Romoli,

Serrato-Salas

et al. 2024

Preprint

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show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional sex-specificity on bacterial metabolites during mosquito development leads to adult sex-ratio distortion

Romoli,

Serrato-Salas,

Gapp

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Mosquitoes rely on their microbiota for B vitamin provision. We previously found that Aedes aegypti larvae cleared of their microbiota at the beginning of the third instar were impaired in their development and that folic acid supplementation increased the proportion of larvae reaching the adult stage. In this study, we investigated the effects of other B vitamins on the development of germ-free mosquito larvae. We found that diet supplementation using a cocktail of seven B vitamins did not improve mosquito developmental success, but rather had a significant impact on the sex- ratio of the resulting adults, with an enrichment of female mosquitoes emerging from B vitamin- treated larvae. A transcriptomic analysis of B vitamin treated male and female larvae identified few genes that may be involved in specific vitamin-induced mechanisms. The treatment of germ-free larvae with high doses of individual B vitamin solutions identified a specific toxic effect related to biotin exposure at high concentrations. The supplementation of germ-free larvae with varying biotin doses revealed divergent biotin requirements and toxic effects for male and female Ae. aegypti larvae. These findings shed new light on sex-specific nutritional requirements and toxicity thresholds during the development of insect larvae, and on their consequences on the sex ratio of adults.

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Larval diet and temperature alter mosquito immunity and development: using body size and developmental traits to track carry-over effects on longevity

Mackay,

Yan,

Kim

et al. 2023

Parasites Vectors

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Background Estimating arbovirus transmission potential requires a mechanistic understanding of how environmental factors influence the expression of adult mosquito traits. While preimaginal exposure to environmental factors can have profound effects on adult traits, tracking and predicting these effects remains challenging. Methods Using Aedes albopictus and a structural equation modeling approach, we explored how larval nutrition and temperature jointly affect development rate and success, female body size, and whether these metrics capture carry-over effects on adult female longevity. Additionally, we investigated how larval diet and temperature affect the baseline expression of 10 immune genes. Results We found that larval development success was primarily determined by diet, while temperature and diet both affected development rate and female body size. Under a low larval diet, pupal wet weight and wing length both declined with increasing temperature. In contrast, responses of the two morphometric measures to rearing temperature diverged when females were provided higher larval nutrition, with pupal wet weight increasing and wing length decreasing at higher temperatures. Our analyses also revealed opposing relationships between adult female lifespan and the two morphometric measures, with wing length having a positive association with longevity and pupal weight a negative association. Larval diet indirectly affected adult longevity, and the time to pupation was negatively correlated with longevity. The expression of eight immune genes from the toll, JAK-STAT and Imd pathways was enhanced in mosquitoes with higher nutrition. Conclusions Our results highlight deficiencies from using a single body size measure to capture carry-over effects on adult traits. Further studies of larval development rate under varying environmental conditions and its potential for tracking carry-over effects on vectorial capacity are warranted. Graphical Abstract

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Nutritional stress compromises mosquito fitness and antiviral immunity but enhances dengue virus infection susceptibility

Cited by 3 publications

References 37 publications

Nutritional sex-specificity on bacterial metabolites during mosquito development leads to adult sex-ratio distortion

Nutritional sex-specificity on bacterial metabolites during mosquito development leads to adult sex-ratio distortion

Nutritional sex-specificity on bacterial metabolites during mosquito development leads to adult sex-ratio distortion

Larval diet and temperature alter mosquito immunity and development: using body size and developmental traits to track carry-over effects on longevity

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