Nutritional strategies to optimise musculoskeletal health for fall and fracture prevention: Looking beyond calcium, vitamin D and protein

Webster, James; Via, Jack Dalla; Langley, Christina Kate; Smith, Cassandra; Sale, Craig; Sim, Marc

doi:10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101684

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…IGF-1 generated from body tissues, including bone, is a polypeptide hormone that regulates bone-related cells [256,257]; it stimulates the absorption of phosphate in the plasma membrane of osteoblastic cell lines, which contributes to bone formation [258,259]. The imbalance of IGF-1 in bone tissues caused by aging [260,261], obesity [262,263], or other factors can result in the onset of the disease osteoporosis [264]; decreased levels of this hormone induced by low protein intake could result in an elevated risk of osteoporosis and bone fracture [265,266].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influences of Macronutrients on Bone Mineral Density, Bone Turnover Markers, and Fracture Risk in Elderly People: A Review of Human Studies

Je,

Kang,

Yoo

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Osteoporosis is a health condition that involves weak bone mass and a deteriorated microstructure, which consequently lead to an increased risk of bone fractures with age. In elderly people, a fracture attributable to osteoporosis elevates mortality. The objective of this review was to examine the effects of macronutrients on bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers (BTMs), and bone fracture in elderly people based on human studies. A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed®/MEDLINE® database. We included human studies published up to April 2023 that investigated the association between macronutrient intake and bone health outcomes. A total of 11 meta-analyses and 127 individual human studies were included after screening the records. Carbohydrate consumption seemed to have neutral effects on bone fracture in limited studies, but human studies on carbohydrates’ effects on BMD or/and BTMs are needed. The human studies analyzed herein did not clearly show whether the intake of animal, vegetable, soy, or milk basic proteins has beneficial effects on bone health due to inconsistent results. Moreover, several individual human studies indicated an association between eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and osteocalcin. Further studies are required to draw a clear association between macronutrients and bone health in elderly people.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influences of Macronutrients on Bone Mineral Density, Bone Turnover Markers, and Fracture Risk in Elderly People: A Review of Human Studies

Je,

Kang,

Yoo

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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“…It is currently not well understood which nutrients explain the beneficial effects of vegetable intake on bone health. Webster et al (2023) postulates a particular importance of nitrate and vitamin K1 due to their high concentration in cruciferous and allium vegetables and known beneficial effects on skeletal muscle. Dietary vitamin K intake indeed has been associated with reduced fracture risk in older hospitalized women ( Sim et al, 2022 ), and postmenopausal women with osteoporosis ( Huang et al, 2015 ), however effects on BMD are controversial ( Vermeer, 2012 ).…”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Osteoporosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The multi-faceted nature of age-associated osteoporosis

Smit,

Meijer,

Winter

2024

Bone Reports

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“…Vitamin D supplementation in highly deficient older adults with a threshold of less than 25 mmol/L has a beneficial effect on sarcopenia indicators, while there was no effect in non-deficient subjects [299]. A dose of 600-800 International Units (IU) per day is recommended, targeting a circulating level of 75 nmol/L in older adults [300]. The association of vitamin D and leucine-enriched whey protein has shown results in muscle mass and lower-limb function in older adults with sarcopenia [301,302].…”

Section: Vitamin Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation and Core Components of a Multimodal Program including Exercise and Nutrition in Prevention and Treatment of Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Narrative Review

Delaire,

Courtay,

Humblot

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Increasing disability-free life expectancy is a crucial issue to optimize active ageing and to reduce the burden of evitable medical costs. One of the main challenges is to develop pragmatic and personalized prevention strategies in order to prevent frailty, counteract adverse outcomes such as falls and mobility disability, and to improve quality of life. Strong evidence reports the effectiveness of exercise interventions to improve various physical parameters and muscle function that are cornerstones of frailty. Other findings also suggest that the interactions between nutrition and physical exercise with or without health behavior promotion prevent the development of frailty. Multimodal programs, including structured exercise, adequate dietary intervention and health behavior promotion, appear increasingly consensual. However, in order for implementation in real-life settings, some pitfalls need to be addressed. In this perspective, structuring and tailoring feasible, acceptable and sustainable interventions to optimize exercise training responses are essential conditions to warrant short, medium and long-term individual benefits. The different components of exercise programs appear to be fairly consensual and effective. However, specific composition of the programs proposed (frequency, intensity, type, time, volume and progressiveness) have to be tailored to individual characteristics and objectives in order to improve exercise responses. The intervention approaches, behavioral strategies and indications for these programs also need to be refined and framed. The main objective of this work is to guide the actions of healthcare professionals and enable them to widely and effectively implement multimodal programs including exercise, nutrition and behavioral strategies in real-life settings.

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Nutritional strategies to optimise musculoskeletal health for fall and fracture prevention: Looking beyond calcium, vitamin D and protein

Cited by 12 publications

References 159 publications

The Influences of Macronutrients on Bone Mineral Density, Bone Turnover Markers, and Fracture Risk in Elderly People: A Review of Human Studies

The Influences of Macronutrients on Bone Mineral Density, Bone Turnover Markers, and Fracture Risk in Elderly People: A Review of Human Studies

The multi-faceted nature of age-associated osteoporosis

Implementation and Core Components of a Multimodal Program including Exercise and Nutrition in Prevention and Treatment of Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Narrative Review

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