Nutritional status, protein intake and progression of renal failure in children

Abstract

Nutritional status and progression of renal failure in 35 children (22 males and 13 females; mean age: 8.85+/-4.13 years) with moderate renal failure were followed for 2 years. All children were on an "ad libidum" diet. Protein intake was determined by a minimum of two dietary diaries kept by the parents and the appearance of urea nitrogen. The children were divided into two groups according to their protein intake: Group 1 - sub-optimal intake (46% of the children, all with significantly lower protein intake); Group 2 - adequate protein intake. The mean protein intake (expressed as a percentage of the WHO recommendations) based on the diets of the patients was 94.79% in Group 1 children and 175.45% in Group 2 children (p<0.05). All patients had a calorie intake of at least 80% of the WHO recommendations. Nutritional status was determined by anthropometric measurements expressed as a standard deviation score. There was no significant anthropometric or biochemical evidence of malnutrition in children with moderate chronic renal failure (CRF). The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in patients with a sub-optimal intake of protein was -5.41+/-2.87 ml/2 year versus-9.53+/-8.61 ml/2 year in the normal protein intake group. There was no correlation between protein intake, nutritional status and progression of renal failure in children with moderate CRF within the 2-year study period.

Evaluation of nutritional status and prognostic impact assessed by the prognostic nutritional index in children with chronic kidney disease

“…Although the importance of nutritional status has been underlined in many clinical guidelines on the management of children with CKD, [8–11] few data are available for the nutritional evaluation of those pediatric patients before dialysis. In addition, it is noteworthy that nutritional status is even more difficult to define, because it is a complex concept that cannot be summarized by merely one measurement.…”

Compromised Diet Quality is Associated with Decreased Renal Function in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease

“…Although there are a number of studies to assess the nutritional status of children with CKD [2,3,8,12,13], there is lack of study to evaluate dietary quality which includes variety, adequacy, moderation, and overall balance of nutrient intakes in this sub population. In addition, although the potential impact of dietary manipulations on growth of children with CKD is of great concern, to our knowledge, few studies on diet quality in children with CKD in Korea have been reported.…”