Nutritional status, perceived body image and eating behaviours in adults with cystic fibrosis

Effects of Gender and Age at Diagnosis on Disease Progression in Long-term Survivors of Cystic Fibrosis

“…Equally worrisome are reports of gender-related psychological and behavioral attributes of young female patients with CF that could place them at a disadvantage compared with their male peers. These include increased difficulty in coping with the disease, increased illness-related strains and worries, greater depression, decreased quality of life scores, greater treatment discouragement, and greater acceptance of being underweight (45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52), which may contribute to decreased treatment adherence and worse outcomes (45-47, 49, 64-66). The phenomenon of decreased survival in females appears to be confined to patients of age 1-20 years (30,33,76).…”

“…The underlying cause of the CF gender gap likely represents the summation of genetic modifications imposed by sex, as well as the socioenvironmental effects of gender (34). Various biological mechanisms have been identified that can result in a disadvantage for women (25,(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44), and from a psychosocial perspective, young females have been found to cope less effectively with the disease, and to be less adherent to therapy (45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53). However, these conclusions have been reached from analysis of children and adolescents; thus studies of longterm survivors of CF may help clarify the impact of sex and gender on disease progression.…”

Associations of psychosocial factors with health outcomes among youth with cystic fibrosis

“…It has been reported that girls with CF, compared to boys, are less likely to adhere to a high-fat, high-calorie diet, [11][12][13][14] which may be related to the cultural norm favoring female thinness. 15,16 Studies of adolescents in general have shown that compared to boys, adolescent girls have greater public self-consciousness (i.e., heightened awareness of how others perceive them, especially their appearance). 17 They have a greater need to fit in with peers and are embarrassed by doing activities disdained by their peers.…”

Patient-reported Outcomes in Cystic Fibrosis

“…HRQOL instruments have also been used to assess associations between HRQOL and clinical variables, including sex (Child Health Questionnaire [CHQ] and CFQoL) (38)(39)(40) and family dynamics (adolescent and parents) (CHQ, adolescent and parent version; CFQ-R) (41,42). Additional studies have examined the relationships between HRQOL and treatment burden, nutritional status, and the effects of CF PE on sleep (CHQ, CFQoL, CFQ-R) (31,43,44). Several studies have used HRQOL instruments to assess the site of treatment for PE (inpatient or outpatient); one used the CHQ-Parent Form (PF-50) and the Medical Outcomes Study SF-36 (45), and the other study used the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ) (46).…”