Nutritional Status of Rural Women in Relation to their Participation in Mixed Farming in the Tafresh Area of Iran

Abstract

ISBN 0-8493-8736-1) 422 pages, hardcover. US$69.95/£46.99.Childhood obesity is increasing rapidly, not only in industrialized but also in developing countries in transition. It is cause for alarm that it commonly leads to adult obesity. Adult obesity is already endemic in most industrialized countries and is rapidly increasing in the more advanced developing countries as well. The result is an increase in morbidity and mortality from diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and other chronic diseases. The implications for developing countries are more serious because of evidence that fetal and infant malnutrition increases susceptibility to these chronic diseases in adults. There is an urgent need for a comprehensive compilation of available information as a basis for combating the epidemic of adult obesity.Both authors are world authorities on exercise physiology and have applied their expertise to such a treatise. The first 11 chapters review in detail the main characteristics of childhood obesity, including epidemiology, stages of development, physical characteristics, energy expenditure and activity, evaluation of functional status, food intake, biochemical and hormonal characteristics, psychological aspects, and health problems.The second section on treatment and management principles begins with a valuable 55-page chapter on the effects of various reduction therapies, followed by 35 pages on practical measures for weight management during the growing years. This book provides a wealth of well-presented and valuable information for all who are interested in this increasingly important subject.Proteins of iron metabolism. Ugo Testa. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla., USA, 2002 (ISBN 0-8493-8676-4) 559 pages, hardcover, US$199.95/£134.00.

Sugar Reduction Initiatives in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Review

“…Total Sugar intakes: Some of the studies had estimated TS intakes at the national level for certain age groups (such as adults, children or adolescents), or for the entire population (i.e., per capita), while others had produced estimates pertinent to specific regions within countries [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ]. Table S3 presents data pertinent to TS intakes in countries of the region, whether these intakes were reported as g/day or % EI.…”

“…The study in Afghanistan reported a per capita estimate of 5% EI based on a 7-day food consumption recall [ 44 ], while the household budget survey conducted in Jordan reported an estimate of 11.8% EI [ 46 ] ( Figure 2 ). As for regional studies ( Figure 3 ), TS intake levels among adults were estimated at 13.5% EI and 14.7% EI in Palestine (West Bank) and Lebanon (Beirut) [ 55 , 61 ], respectively, and rural women in Iran (7.6%) [ 54 ], while being slightly higher among urban women in Egypt (16% EI) [ 53 ] ( Figure 3 ). Among the few countries that have evaluated TS intake among adolescents, Jordan (Amman) reported the highest levels (42–48% EI) [ 60 ], while Libya (Benghazi) reported the lowest (20.4% EI) [ 52 ].…”

“…For adolescents: Jordan (dietary assessment): Takruri et al, 2021 [ 60 ]; KSA (dietary assessment): Collison et al, 2010 [ 51 ]; Libya (dietary assessment): Huew et al, 2014 [ 52 ]. For adults: Egypt (dietary assessment): Brouzes et al, 2020 [ 53 ]; Iran (dietary assessment): Fami et al, 2002 [ 54 ]; Lebanon (dietary assessment): Shatila et al, 2021 [ 61 ]; Palestine (dietary assessment): Stene et al, 1999 [ 55 ].…”

Time-Use Analytics: An Improved Way of Understanding Gendered Agriculture-Nutrition Pathways

“…However, the few studies that consider work intensity confirm its importance. For instance, Fami, Veerabhadraiah, and Nath (2002) and Higgins and Alderman (1997) show that women's energy balance is in deficit when they engage in intensive agricultural work.…”