Nutritional status in rural Nigerians

Cooper, Richard S.; Rotimi, Charles N.; Kaufman, Jay S.; Luke, Amy

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(96)90510-3

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the 1986 study by Didia and Ogunranti (13) low socioeconomic status girls were apparently taller than today. This supports fears expressed by Cooper et al (21), that the current economic climate in Nigeria, which like many other African countries, has declined, is taking its toll and becoming evident in decreasing mean BMI values across rural and urban areas. How will these girls continue to grow?…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

How do they grow? A study of south‐eastern Nigerian adolescent girls

et al. 1997

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study assessed the nutritional status of Nigerian adolescent girls living in two areas of south-eastern Nigeria. A cross sectional survey was undertaken in a rural village in Ogoniland, and five secondary schools in Port Harcourt, south-eastern Nigeria. All (386) menarcheal girls aged 14-19 y living in the rural village, and a stratified cluster sample (845) of menarcheal girls aged 14-19 in the five urban schools were investigated. Mean heights and weights of rural girls were around -1 Z-score below the British reference median. 10.4% of rural and 4.7% of urban girls were stunted (< OR =2nd centile, British 1990 reference values). After calculating mean body mass index-for-age, various cut-off points for low body mass index were tested. At a cut-off of < OR =9th centile, 15.6% of rural and 8.0% of urban girls would be classified as thin. Girls with a haemoglobin <10.Og/dl were significantly more likely to have a low body mass index than those with haemoglobin values > OR =10.0 g/dl. More studies are needed to refine the definition and interpretation of low body mass index in adolescents.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

How do they grow? A study of south‐eastern Nigerian adolescent girls

et al. 1997

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, BMI has other desirable properties, including ease of incorporation into regional and national surveys conducted by various countries and international agencies (Shetty & James, 1994a,b), ability to respond to changes in levels of adult physical activities imposed by varying agricultural activities and to seasonal¯uctuation in food availability (Shetty & James, 1994). This investigation was motivated by earlier observation of worsening nutritional status among Nigerians (Igbedioh, 1993;Cooper et al, 1996;Bunker et al, 1995) and the dearth of information on the functional consequences of under nutrition in adults in developing countries. Established BMI cut-off points were used to assess the problem of CED in a cohort of adult Nigerians enrolled in a prospective population survey designed to describe all cause, and major cause, speci®c mortality rates in two adjacent communities in the Ibadan area of south-western Nigeria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution and mortality impact of chronic energy deficiency among adult Nigerian men and women

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To determine the prevalence of chronic energy de®ciency (CED) and associated mortality risk in a cohort of adult Nigerians followed from 1992 to 1997. Research methods and procedures: The data for this investigation were derived from an international collaborative study on chronic diseases in populations of the African diaspora. Body mass index (BMI) was used to de®ne three grades of CED in 4061 men and women aged 25 years and older: Grade I (mild CED) as BMI 17.5 ± 18.4, Grade II (moderate CED) as BMI 16.0 ± 17.4, and Grade III (severe CED) as BMI`16.0 and BMI !18.5 was considered normal. The odds of mortality associated with differing grades of CED was estimated with logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of CED (BMI`18.5) increased from 14.3% in 1992 to 19.6% in 1997, both genders combined. The prevalence of CED was similar for both sexes in 1992 (14%) but increased to 22.4% in men and 17.4% in women by 1997. The prevalence of CED was 8.5%, 7.6 and 3.4 for Grades I, II and III, respectively. Two hundred and seven deaths occurred during the follow-up period. The mortality rate for the 5.5 y of follow-up was 5.1% (207a4061). The odds ratios (95% Cls) for all cause mortality were 1.4 (0.5, 3.8), 2.4 (1.2, 4.9) and 2.5 (1.0, 6.2), respectively, for CED grades I, II and III adjusting for age and sex. Conclusion: Under nutrition is an increasing problem in Nigerian men and women. The economic reforms (structural adjustment program (SAP)) introduced in 1986 in combination with the continued economic woes brought on by political instability, corruption and nepotism have been advanced by several investigators as the main factors in the growing problem of inadequate calorie intake. Intervention strategies both at the government and private sectors are urgently needed to increase food availability. Sponsorship: This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (HL 45508, HL 47910, HL 53353).

show abstract