Nutritional Status and the Influence of the Vegan Diet on the Gut Microbiota and Human Health

Sakkas, Hercules; Bozidis, Petros; Touzios, Christos; Kolios, Damianos; Athanasiou, George S.; Athanasopoulou, Eirini; Gerou, Ioanna; Gartzonika, Constantina

doi:10.3390/medicina56020088

Cited by 109 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 106 publications

(204 reference statements)

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“…Moderate amounts of thiamine can be found in most food products, albeit its most abundant sources constitute pork, legumes, whole grain products and nuts [ 11 , 12 ]. Small amounts of thiamine can also be synthesized by intestinal microorganisms [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pumpkin, Cauliflower and Broccoli as New Carriers of Thiamine Compounds for Food Fortification

Szymandera‐Buszka

Piechocka

Zaremba

et al. 2021

Foods

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The aim of the study is to explore the possibility of vegetables being used as carriers of thiamine. The influence of carrier type (thiamine hydrochloride—TCh and thiamine pyrophosphate—TP) for the thiamine stability were investigated. Two varieties of pumpkin, Muscat and Hokkaido, as well as Cauliflower and Broccoli, were used as a matrix for the thiamine applied. The impregnated and freeze-dried vegetables were stored (230 days) with changing access to light (access to and restriction of light) and temperature (21 °C and 40 °C). The analyzed carriers were also used in the production of gnocchi dumplings. The content of thiamine was analyzed using the thiochromium method. In the study, consumer tests (n = 199) and sensory profiling were used to assess the impact of thiamine carriers on the sensory quality of gnocchi dumplings. It was found that the introduction of dried vegetables at the level of 30% allows for high sensory desirability of analyzed products, as well as suggesting the possibility of their frequent consumption. Such a product could potentially become an alternative to pork meat as a good source of thiamine. However, it should be noted that the thiamine losses may occur during the storage of dried vegetables and their culinary preparation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pumpkin, Cauliflower and Broccoli as New Carriers of Thiamine Compounds for Food Fortification

Szymandera‐Buszka

Piechocka

Zaremba

et al. 2021

Foods

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“…Nutrient intake is considered to be the most important factor in the formation of the gut microbial community [ 16 ]. A previous study indicated that longitudinal dietary control changes enterotypes [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Nutrient Intake and Human Gut Microbiota in Monozygotic Twins

et al. 2021

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Background and Objectives: The gut microbiota is associated with human health and dietary nutrition. Various studies have been reported in this regard, but it is difficult to clearly analyze human gut microbiota as individual differences are significant. The causes of these individual differences in intestinal microflora are genetic and/or environmental. In this study, we focused on differences between identical twins in Japan to clarify the effects of nutrients consumed on the entire gut microbiome, while excluding genetic differences. Materials and Methods: We selected healthy Japanese monozygotic twins for the study and confirmed their zygosity by matching 15 short tandem repeat loci. Their fecal samples were subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses to identify and compare the fluctuations in intestinal bacteria. Results: We identified 12 genera sensitive to environmental factors, and found that Lactobacillus was relatively unaffected by environmental factors. Moreover, we identified protein, fat, and some nutrient intake that can affect 12 genera, which have been identified to be more sensitive to environmental factors. Among the 12 genera, Bacteroides had a positive correlation with retinol equivalent intake (rs = 0.38), Lachnospira had a significantly negative correlation with protein, sodium, iron, vitamin D, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 intake (rs = −0.38, −0.41, −0.39, −0.63, −0.42, −0.49, respectively), Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group had a positive correlation with fat intake (rs = 0.39), and Lachnospiraceae UCG-008 group had a negative correlation with the saturated fatty acid intake (rs = −0.45). Conclusions: Our study is the first to focus on the relationship between human gut microbiota and nutrient intake using samples from Japanese twins to exclude the effects of genetic factors. These findings will broaden our understanding of the more intuitive relationship between nutrient intake and the gut microbiota and can be a useful basis for finding useful biomarkers that contribute to human health.

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“…The importance of the gut microbiota to the host lies, on the one hand, in the fact that it strengthens the intestinal epithelial mucosal barrier and is involved in the digestion of food, absorption of nutrients, metabolism of drugs, and defense against pathogens and toxins 6,7 . It also motivates intestinal ripening by releasing mucus, promoting angiogenesis, thickening the villi, widening the mucosal surface, and supporting cell proliferation 8 .…”

Section: A Brief Retrospect Of the Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It also motivates intestinal ripening by releasing mucus, promoting angiogenesis, thickening the villi, widening the mucosal surface, and supporting cell proliferation 8 . Besides these actions, gut microbiota produces a variety of vital substances such as vitamins B12, folate, biotin, pyridoxine and thiamin, as well as metabolites including short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), bacteriocins, and microbial amino acids, which are involved in a variety of biological metabolic activities 6,7 . Furthermore, the gut microbiota promotes growth by inducing insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling 9 .…”

Section: A Brief Retrospect Of the Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota and bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Yang

Dong

2021

Preprint

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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a relatively common and severe complication of prematurity, and its pathogenesis remains ambiguous. Revolutionary advances in microbiological analysis techniques, together with the growing sophistication of the gut-lung axis hypothesis, have resulted in more studies linking gut microbiota dysbiosis to the occurrence and development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The present article builds on current findings to examine the intrinsic associations between gut microbiota and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The gut microbiota affects bronchopulmonary dysplasia via several potential mechanisms including alteration of the gut-lung axis, promotion of inflammation and the ensuing growth effects, therefore these are also investigated. By evaluating the potential mechanisms, new therapeutic targets and potential therapeutic modalities for BPD can be identified from a microecological perspective.

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Nutritional Status and the Influence of the Vegan Diet on the Gut Microbiota and Human Health

Cited by 109 publications

References 106 publications

Pumpkin, Cauliflower and Broccoli as New Carriers of Thiamine Compounds for Food Fortification

Pumpkin, Cauliflower and Broccoli as New Carriers of Thiamine Compounds for Food Fortification

Relationship between Nutrient Intake and Human Gut Microbiota in Monozygotic Twins

Gut microbiota and bronchopulmonary dysplasia

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