Nutritional status and interventions for patients with cancer – A systematic review

Hamaker, Marije E.; Oosterlaan, Fleur; Huis, Lieke H. van; Thielen, Noortje; Vondeling, Ariël M.; Bos, Frederiek van den

doi:10.1016/j.jgo.2020.06.020

Cited by 61 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…In a recent systematic review of 89 studies on nutritional status, nutritional interventions, and outcomes in older patients with cancer, the authors found a strong association between nutritional status and mortality, completion of oncologic treatment, and healthcare consumption. 38 Although dietary counseling seemed to improve quality of life and reduce postoperative wound infections and radiotherapy toxicity, nutritional support did not show any benefit for survival, chemotherapy toxicity, healthcare consumption, or quality of life.…”

Section: Nononcologic Management Based On Gamentioning

confidence: 93%

Geriatric Assessment and Management in Cancer

Rostoft

O’Donovan

Soubeyran

et al. 2021

JCO

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A second choice concerns which patients will receive GA. This can be based on age or clinical judgment, or alternatively, patients can be selected with a frailty screening instrument, where only those below a certain cutoff undergo GA. There are multiple short screening tools available, of which Geriatric-8 (G8) has been most extensively CONTEXT Key ObjectiveWhy is geriatric assessment and management (GA&M) recommended for older patients with cancer pretreatment? Knowledge Generated Older patients are heterogeneous, and tailoring cancer treatment to the individual requires weighing risks against benefits in the context of frailty, which is best assessed through geriatric assessment. GA&M can improve prognostication and risk stratification and communication with patients and caregivers, guide treatment adaptations, and provide nononcologic interventions to increase resilience. Relevance As increasing evidence shows that GA&M can improve the course of treatment, with less chemotherapy-related toxicity, lower rates of complications after surgery, and improved functional status and quality of life, the challenge is now about implementation into clinical practice. TABLE 1. Geriatric Assessment Domains, Tools, and Proposed Interventions Domain Assessment Tool Examples Evidence Intervention and Examples Functional status ADLs (ie, transferring and eating) IADLs (ie, managing finances, cooking, and driving) Association with chemotherapy toxicity, hospital admissions, functional decline, and mortality 4,39,46,55 Aids such as motorized wheelchair Meals on Wheels Physiotherapy Occupational therapy Objective physical performance 4 m gait speed, TUG; SPPB; grip strength; sarcopenia Prediction of mortality, treatment-related complications, and functional decline 56-58 Structured exercise Assistive devices Falls No. falls in previous 6 months Related to chemotherapy toxicity, postoperative complications, and functional decline 24,59 Falls prevention program Cognitive function MMSE, MoCA, Mini-Cog, and BOMC Assessment of capacity for consent or treatment adherence and cognitive decline associated with treatment. Association with poorer overall survival, chemotherapy toxicity, and delirium 22,43,60 Support during treatment trajectory Delirium prevention program Treatment reminders, eg, text messages for daily radiation therapy appointments Mood (depression) GDS, HADS, and PHQ2/9 Assessment of psychologic adjustment to treatment. Association with postoperative complications, treatment tolerance, functional decline, and mortality 45,46,55,61 Cognitive-behavioral therapy Medical therapy Counseling Nutritional status MNA, BMI, and weight loss combined Association with mortality, likelihood of treatment completion, and healthcare consumption 62,63 Dietary counseling Comorbidity CIRS-G, CCI, and OARS comorbidity Assessment of competing causes of mortality, survival, treatment tolerance, and hospital admissions 61,64 Referral to organ specialist Polypharmacy List of medications, STOPP-START, and Beers criteria Postoperative complication...

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Section: Nononcologic Management Based On Gamentioning

confidence: 93%

Geriatric Assessment and Management in Cancer

Rostoft

O’Donovan

Soubeyran

et al. 2021

JCO

Self Cite

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“…Still, the improvement in grip strength was slight (improvement rate 4%) 19 ) , and the improvement in skeletal muscle mass was less consistent, ranging from 0.4 to 3.1% 20,21) . Also, consistent efficacy of nutrition therapy as a single intervention in cancer patients 5) has not been demonstrated. The effects of combined exercise and nutritional therapy for advanced cancer has been discussed, but the evidence is currently lacking 10 ) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A systematic review that examined the effects of intervention with nutrition therapy alone in patients with advanced cancer found that it may lead to improved quality of life and reduced postoperative complication rates, but no consistent efficacy has been demonstrated 5) Two systematic reviews of the effects of exercise therapy have reported that aerobic exercise and resistance training alone or combined contribute to improvements in physical function and skeletal muscle mass in cancer patients undergoing medical treatment 6,7) . There is a concept of rehabilitation nutrition to provide high-quality care for cancer patients, who frequently develop nutritional disorders and physical dysfunction.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Rehabilitation Nutrition Care Process on Physical Function in Lung Cancer Cachexia: A Case Report

2021

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Objectives: Patients with cancer cachexia have poor adherence to treatment, which affects their prognosis. Currently, there are many studies on the effects of rehabilitation on cancer cachexia, but there is a lack of evidence on the effects of nutrition therapy alone or in combination with rehabilitation and nutrition therapy. This article describes a case in which rehabilitation nutrition care process was effective in a patient with lung cancer who developed cancer cachexia. Methods: A 68-year-old woman was hospitalized for treatment of lung adenocarcinoma. The patient had moderate malnutrition, sarcopenia, and cachexia at the time of admission, so the authors intervened according to rehabilitation nutrition care process. The physiotherapist mainly prescribed resistance training and aerobic exercise, 40-60 minutes a day, 5-6 days a week. And the dietitian provided oral nutritional supplements (100 kcal, branched-chain amino acid: 3.0 g) in addition to hospital food and adjusted the patient's energy intake to 26.96-33.05 kcal/kg/day and protein intake to 1.07-1.14 g/kg/day. Outcomes: Comparing the initial evaluation with the discharge, nutritional status, such as body mass index and skeletal muscle mass, and physical functions, such as maximum grip strength, gait speed, and functional independence measure (motor items), were improved. Conclusions: Rehabilitation nutrition care process-based interventions may improve nutritional status and physical functions more than exercise therapy alone in patients with lung cancer cachexia.

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“…A systematic review of the literature found that for people with cancer (including gastrointestinal cancers), a better nutritional state is associated with better QoL [ 10 ]. There is limited high-quality evidence to determine whether nutrition intervention during cancer treatment improves QoL and nutritional status in people with UGI cancer [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Rigorous randomised controlled trials to determine the optimal timing, duration, and intensity of nutrition intervention during cancer treatment are needed [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Early and Intensive Telephone or Electronic Nutrition Counselling Delivered to People with Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer on Quality of Life: A Three-Arm Randomised Controlled Trial

et al. 2022

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Background: Delay in dietetic service provision for upper gastrointestinal cancer exacerbates disease-related malnutrition and consequently increases morbidity and mortality. Dietetic services are usually referral-based and provided face-to-face in inpatient or outpatient settings, which can delay the commencement of nutrition care. The aim of this study was to provide intensive dietetic intervention close to the time of diagnosis for upper gastrointestinal cancer and assess the effect on quality-adjusted life years. Methods: A three-arm randomised controlled trial of adults newly diagnosed with upper gastrointestinal cancer was performed. A behavioural-based, individually tailored, symptom-directed nutrition intervention was provided in addition to usual care, delivered by a dietitian using a telephone (synchronously) or a mobile application (asynchronously) for 18 weeks, compared with a usual care control group. Data were collected at baseline, three, six, and twelve months post-randomisation. The primary outcome was quality-adjusted life years (EQ-5D-5L quality of life assessment tool). Data were analysed using linear mixed models. Results: One hundred and eleven participants were randomised. Quality-adjusted life years were not different in the intervention groups compared with control (telephone: mean (95% CI) 0.04 (0.43, 2.3), p = 0.998; App: −0.08 (−0.18, 0.02), p = 0.135) after adjustment for baseline, nutrition risk status, age, and gender. Survival was similar between groups over 12 months. The asynchronous mobile app group had a greater number of withdrawals compared with the telephone group. Conclusion: Early and intensive nutrition counselling, delivered at home, during anticancer treatment did not change quality-adjusted life years or survival over 12 months compared with usual care. Behavioural counselling alone was unable to achieve nutritional adequacy. Dietetic services delivered asynchronously using a mobile app had low acceptance for patients undergoing anticancer treatment. Trial Registration: 27 January 2017 Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry, ACTRN12617000152325.

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Nutritional status and interventions for patients with cancer – A systematic review

Cited by 61 publications

References 103 publications

Geriatric Assessment and Management in Cancer

Geriatric Assessment and Management in Cancer

Effect of Rehabilitation Nutrition Care Process on Physical Function in Lung Cancer Cachexia: A Case Report

Effect of Early and Intensive Telephone or Electronic Nutrition Counselling Delivered to People with Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer on Quality of Life: A Three-Arm Randomised Controlled Trial

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