Nutritional status and feeding practices of under-five children in Simanjiro District, Tanzania

Nyaruhucha, C. N. M.; Msuya, John; Mamiro, Peter; Kerengi, A J

doi:10.4314/thrb.v8i3.45114

Cited by 44 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The observed percentages of the underweight in this study were almost four times higher than the national standards reported in the 2010 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey (URT, 2011), which revealed that 16% of Tanzanian under-five children studied during the survey were underweight, with Arusha region having the highest rates (28%). Nyaruhucha et al (2006) and Abubakar, Uriyo, Msuya, Swai, and Stray-Pedersen (2012) observed high underweight rates in northern Tanzania, in Manyara (31%) and Kilimanjaro (19%) respectively. The percentage of severely underweight children in our study (13%) was more than three times than the national rates (4%) (URT, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Women and children, particularly the under-fives, are among the most vulnerable groups in areas that experience food insecurity, inadequate diets and undernutrition (Blössner & de Onis, 2005, Nyaruhucha, Msuya, Mamiro, & Kerengi, 2006; United Republic of Tanzania [URT] 2011;UNICEF 2012). Inadequate diet affects under-five children more than other age groups because under-fives grow rapidly, and need more nutrient-rich diet for their growth and development (Blossner & de Onis, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Undernutrition Among Under-Five Children in Two Fishing Communities in Mafia Island Marine Park, Tanzania

Moshy¹,

Masenge²,

Bryceson³

2013

JSD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Undernutrition and food insecurity are critical problems among under-five children in many developing countries. This study was carried out for eight months between 2009 and 2011. It combined quantitative data (N=156) and qualitative data to explore nutritional status among under-five children in Jibondo and Chole villages within Mafia Island Marine Park in Tanzania. Weight-for-age analysis was performed according to World Health Organization standards to determine the proportion of underweight children among the samples. The prevalence of underweight children was high in both villages, and in Jibondo village it was even higher (69%) than in Chole village (40%). Interviewees attributed the exceptionally high underweight problems in Jibondo to a substantial reduction in breast-feeding frequency. This was because mothers resumed seaweed farming and octopus fishing soon after delivery. Consequently, infants were fed poor-quality nutritional substitute foods at a tender age. Decreased family income, food insecurity, changes in gender roles and increased responsibilities for women were also perceived to be key underlying problems contributing to higher levels of undernutrition among children in the study areas. If healthy generations and sustainable social-ecological systems are to be achieved within the Park in the future, policies that review fishing restrictions, improve fish trading, increase household food security and liberate mother's time for breastfeeding and child-caring activities would be essential to address the current undernutrition among the under-fives.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Undernutrition Among Under-Five Children in Two Fishing Communities in Mafia Island Marine Park, Tanzania

Moshy¹,

Masenge²,

Bryceson³

2013

JSD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…; Nyaruhucha et al . ). Therefore, results of this study should be used by nutrition extension services to emphasise on the need for observance of exclusive breastfeeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…; Nyaruhucha et al . ), as afore stated, in this country, the maize used for complementary foods is often contaminated with both aflatoxins and fumonisins (Kimanya et al . ; Manjula et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Risk of dietary exposure to aflatoxins and fumonisins in infants less than 6 months of age in Rombo, Northern Tanzania

Magoha

Kimanya

Meulenaer

et al. 2014

Maternal & Child Nutrition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Infants less than 6 months of age receiving foods other than breast milk are at a high risk of exposure to mycotoxins. We surveyed food intake and estimated the risk of exposures to aflatoxin and fumonisin mycotoxins for infants less than 6 months of age in Northern Tanzania. A total of 143 infants were progressively recruited and three follow-up visits were made at 1, 3 and 5 months of age. A 24-h dietary recall technique was used to estimate flour intake of infants who had been introduced to maize foods. Aflatoxins and fumonisins in the flours were analysed using high-performance liquid chromatography technique. Exposure to aflatoxins or fumonisins was estimated using the deterministic approach. By the age of 3 months, 98 infants had started taking food; 67 of them, maize flours at levels ranging from 0.57 to 37.50 g per infant per day (average 8 g per infant per day). Fifty-eight per cent of 67 maize flour samples contained detectable aflatoxins (range 0.33-69.47 μg kg(-1) ; median 6 μg kg(-1) ) and 31% contained detectable fumonisins (range 48-1224 μg kg(-1) ; median 124 μg kg(-1) ). For infants who consumed contaminated flours, aflatoxin exposure ranged from 0.14 to 120 ng kg(-1) body weight (BW) per day (all above the health concern level of 0.017 ng kg(-1) BW per day as recommended by the European Food Safety Agency) and fumonisin exposure ranged from 0.005 to 0.88 μg kg(-1) BW per day. Insignificant association was observed between exposure to fumonisins or aflatoxins and stunting or underweight. Reducing aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination of maize and dietary diversification can prevent infants and the public, in general, from exposure to the toxins.

show abstract

“…In most parts of Tanzania, maize is the main cereal used in complementary food (Mamiro et al . 2005; Nyaruhucha et al . 2006; Kimanya et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to reduce exposure of fumonisins from complementary foods in rural Tanzania

Kimanya

Meulenaer

Camp

et al. 2011

Maternal & Child Nutrition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Feeding infants with maize can expose them to fumonisin mycotoxins. We assessed fumonisin exposure from complementary foods in rural Tanzania and determined strategies to reduce the exposure. We conducted a cross-sectional study in four villages of Tarakea division, Northern Tanzania. We used a repeat 24-hour dietary recall to collect data of maize consumption as complementary food for 254 infants aged 6-8 months. Fumonisin concentrations in the maize were also estimated. Fumonisin exposure was assessed using @risk analysis software. With the software, several maximum fumonisin contamination and maize consumption patterns were combined in order to determine effective strategies for minimizing fumonisin exposure. Of the infants, 89% consumed maize at amounts up to 158g/person/day (mean; 43g/person/day±28). The maize was contaminated with fumonisins at levels up to 3201µgkg(-1) . Risk of fumonisin intake above the provisional maximum tolerable daily limit of 2µgkg(-1) body weight was 15% (95% confidence interval; 10-19). The risk was minimized when the maximum contamination was set at 150µgkg(-1) . The risk was also minimized when the maximum consumption was set at 20g/child/day while keeping the maximum contamination at the European Union (EU) maximum tolerated limit (MTL) of 1000µgkg(-1) . Considering the economical and technological limitations of adopting good agricultural practices in rural Tanzania, it is practically difficult to reduce contamination in maize to 150µgkg(-1) . We suggest adoption of the EU MTL of 1000µgkg(-1) for fumonisins in maize and reduction, by replacement with another cereal, of the maize component in complementary foods to a maximum intake of 20g/child/day.

show abstract

Nutritional status and feeding practices of under-five children in Simanjiro District, Tanzania

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Undernutrition Among Under-Five Children in Two Fishing Communities in Mafia Island Marine Park, Tanzania

Undernutrition Among Under-Five Children in Two Fishing Communities in Mafia Island Marine Park, Tanzania

Risk of dietary exposure to aflatoxins and fumonisins in infants less than 6 months of age in Rombo, Northern Tanzania

Strategies to reduce exposure of fumonisins from complementary foods in rural Tanzania

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About