Nutritional significance of alterations in serum amino acid patterns in goitrous patients

Ingenbleek, Yves; Barclay, Denis; Dirren, Henri

doi:10.1093/ajcn/43.2.310

Cited by 37 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The notion that PEM might participate in the occurrence of S-deficiency states was born in the Republic of Senegal, West Africa, in 1986 [68]. The first field investigation was performed upon adult PEM and goitrous inhabitants living on nutritional autarky with local plant products.…”

Section: The Sulfur-deficiency Concept: Histori-cal Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperhomocysteinemia is a Biomarker of Sulfur-Deficiency in Human Morbidities~!2009-10-03~!2009-11-18~!2009-12-22~!

Ingenbleek¹

2010

TOCCHEMJ

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Methionine (Met) is crucially involved in the synthesis of S-compounds endowed with molecular, structural and functional properties of survival value. Dietary Met may undergo transmethylation processes to release homocysteine (Hcy) which may either be regenerated to Met following remethylation (RM) pathways or catabolized along the transsulfuration (TS) cascade. The activity of enzymes governing RM and TS pathways is depending on pyridoxine, folate and cobalamin bioavailability. Dietary restriction in any of these watersoluble B-vitamins may lead to hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) causing a panoply of cardiovascular disorders. Taken together, the vitamin triad only affords partial account of Hcy variance, prompting the search for additional causal factor(s). Body composition studies demonstrate that nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) maintain tightly correlated concentrations in tissues of both healthy subjects and diseased patients. Any morbid condition characterized by insufficient N intake or assimilation, as seen in protein malnutrition or intestinal malabsorption, reduces body S accretion rates. Excessive urinary N-losses, as reported in acute or chronic inflammatory disorders, entail proportionate obligatory S-losses. As a result, lean body mass (LBM) undergoes downsizing and concomitant depletion of N and S body stores which depresses the activity of cystathionine--synthase, thereby promoting upstream accumulation of Hcy and overstimulation of RM processes. HHcy thus appears as the dark side of efforts developed by S-deprived patients to safeguard Met homeostasis. Irrespective of vitamin-B status, Hcy values are negatively correlated with LBM shrinkage well identified by the serial measurement of plasma transthyretin (TTR). The Sdeprivation theory fulfills the gap and allows full causal coverage of the metabolic anomaly, hence providing together with vitamin-deficiencies an unifying overview of the main nutritional determinants implicated in HHcy epidemiology.

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Section: The Sulfur-deficiency Concept: Histori-cal Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperhomocysteinemia is a Biomarker of Sulfur-Deficiency in Human Morbidities~!2009-10-03~!2009-11-18~!2009-12-22~!

Ingenbleek¹

2010

TOCCHEMJ

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] For over thirty years most amino acid analyses have been performed by ion-exchange chromatography with post-column derivatization with ninhydrin. [7] Alternatively, amino acids can be analyzed by precolumn fluorescent derivatization and then separated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple and rapid quantitative high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of plasma amino acids

Frank

Powers

2007

Journal of Chromatography B

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A simple and rapid high performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of plasma amino acids was developed. The method uses minimal sample volume and automated online precolumn derivitization of amino acids with o-phthalaldehyde and fluorescent detection. Amino acids are separated by a simplified gradient without column heating. The assay is linear from 5 to 1000μmol/L for all amino acids. Recovery of amino acids was between 91 and 108%, intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was 1-7%, and inter-assay CV was 2-12%. The simple sample preparation and minimal sample volume make the method useful for the quantitation of amino acids in both patient and experimental animal samples.

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“…The aggravating goitrogenic role played by poor nutritional status was attributed to PEM-induced dysmaturation of thyroglobulin (Ingenbleek & De Visscher, 1979;Ingenbleek, 1983). In this preliminary survey, TTR values were found to be negatively correlated with Hcy concentrations, and direct C␤S impairment was the proposed explanation (Ingenbleek et al 1986). This first investigation was later extended to another iodine-deprived area in the Republic of Chad where goitrous patients were similarly affected by stepwise PEM states of increasing severity .…”

Section: Regulation Of Methionine Homeostasis In Proteindepleted Statesmentioning

confidence: 76%

The essentiality of sulfur is closely related to nitrogen metabolism: a clue to hyperhomocysteinaemia

Ingenbleek¹,

Young

2004

Nutr. Res. Rev.

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N and S metabolisms are closely interwoven throughout both the plant and animal kingdoms. The essentiality of S relates to its participation in the structure of S-containing amino acids (SAA), to its inclusion in many sulfonated molecules, and to a myriad of metabolic and catalytic reactions of vital importance. Methionine (Met) is the indispensable SAA supplied by food proteins and its plasma homeostasis is achieved via a number of highly efficient regulatory mechanisms. In all conditions characterised by a negative body protein balance such as in dietary restriction or cytokine-induced hypercatabolic losses, N and S endogenous pools manifest parallel tissue depletion rates. Adaptive conservation of N and S body stores is reached by a functional restraint of the trans-sulfuration cascade, through the depression of cystathionine ␤-synthase activity. As a result, upstream accumulation of homocysteine favours its re-methylation conversion to Met which helps maintain metabolic pathways of survival value. In addition to the measurement of vitamin indices, that of plasma transthyretin, a sensitive marker of protein nutritional status, is proposed to identify the fluctuations of the total body N component accountable for the alterations of homocysteine concentrations in body fluids.

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Nutritional significance of alterations in serum amino acid patterns in goitrous patients

Cited by 37 publications

References 35 publications

Hyperhomocysteinemia is a Biomarker of Sulfur-Deficiency in Human Morbidities~!2009-10-03~!2009-11-18~!2009-12-22~!

Hyperhomocysteinemia is a Biomarker of Sulfur-Deficiency in Human Morbidities~!2009-10-03~!2009-11-18~!2009-12-22~!

Simple and rapid quantitative high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of plasma amino acids

The essentiality of sulfur is closely related to nitrogen metabolism: a clue to hyperhomocysteinaemia

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