Nutritional Risk Factors in Urinary Stone Disease

Zechner, O.; Latal, D; Pflüger, Heinz; Scheiber, V.

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)54897-1

Cited by 31 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Also, it is known that the urinary excretion of calcium, uric acid and phosphate are higher in outpatients with stone under ambulatory free diet than in hospitalized inpatients 6 . Excessive intake of animal protein, 7,8 increased alcohol ingestion 8 and excess intake of salt 9 may play causative roles in increasing urinary excretion of calcium, uric acid and phosphate. Therefore, it is essential to investigate these factors in outpatients with ambulatory free diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the diurnal variation of urinary pH and urinary calcium in urolithiasis: A study in outpatients

et al. 2001

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Background: We previously reported that the urinary excretion of calcium and the diurnal variation of urinary pH were important for stone formation in hospitalized inpatients with hospital standard diet. Because almost all urinary stones are formed in outpatients with ambulatory free diet, it is essential to investigate these factors in outpatients. Methods:We examined the urinary excretion of calcium, oxalate, uric acid, phosphate and magnesium in 96 male outpatients and 142 male inpatients. We also studied the relationship between the stone composition and the diurnal variation of urinary pH in 32 male outpatients (five uric acid stones (UA), 13 pure calcium oxalate stones (CaOX) and 14 mixed calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate stones (CaOX-CaP)) and 53 male inpatients (nine UA, 15 CaOX and 29 CaOX-CaP).Results: There was a significant difference in the urinary excretion of calcium among outpatients with UA, CaOX and CaOX-CaP (133 ± 96 vs 219 ± 97 vs 268 ± 102 mg per day, P < 0.05). In outpatients with UA, urinary pH was constantly low throughout the entire day. In contrast, outpatients with CaOX and those with CaOX-CaP had diurnal variation of urinary pH that was low in the early morning, followed by elevation in the daytime and was lowered in the night. The pHs in the early morning, afternoon and night were significantly higher in outpatients with CaOX-CaP than in those with CaOX. Conclusion:The diurnal variation of urinary pH and the urinary calcium are important for stone formation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the diurnal variation of urinary pH and urinary calcium in urolithiasis: A study in outpatients

et al. 2001

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“…In general, the rising incidence of nephrolithiasis has been thought to be mainly associated with increased con sumption of animal protein [13][14][15], Another interesting hypothesis has been proposed by Buck et al [8], They assumed that the formation of renal calculi could be inhibited by the intake of fish (icosapentaenoic acid). Since the main source of polyunsaturated fatty acids in Western diets is the n-6 fatty acid, arachidonic acid, abnormal PG metabolism, in particular an excess of PGF2a production, is generated, and hypercalciuria oc curs, leading to the formation of calculi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ethyl Icosapentate on Urinary Calcium Excretion in Calcium Oxalate Stone Formers

Itô

Kotake²,

Nomura³

1995

Urol Int

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Buck and co-workers presented the hypothesis that the initiating factor of stone formation triggers the mechanisms for prostaglandin synthesis, resulting in the biochemical abnormalities associated with stone disease. In order to test this hypothesis, we undertook a clinical study with the use of a highly purified preparation of ethyl icosapentate. Ethyl icosapentate (1,800 mg/day) was administered to 57 patients with urinary stones chiefly composed of calcium oxalate for 6 weeks. Urinary calcium in the hypercalciuric patients reduced significantly, but the calcium level in the normocalciuric group did not decrease. Oxalate values did not reduce either in the hypercalciuric patients or in the normocalciuric subjects. No serious side effects were observed.

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“…It was then centrifuged. The precipitate was washed three times with 6 mL of a saturated solution of CaC2Û4 in water and dissolved in 1 mL of 1 N H2SO4 by heating at 4.0 mL of distilled water was added, the solution was further diluted 25-fold with water, and its calcium content was determined with an atomic ab¬ sorption spectrophotometer. No significant differences were found between the two groups at the start of the study ( Table 3).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Urinary Stone Recurrence by Dietary Counseling After SWL

Nomura

Itô²,

Masai³

et al. 1995

Journal of Endourology

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To reduce the recurrence rate of or urolithiasis, dietary counseling was conducted for calcium-stone patients. Sixty-six patients received dietary counseling and were in principle instructed to use the Recommended Dietary Allowance for Japanese as their goal. Seventy-three patients did not undergo the counseling. Comparison of the dietary intake of the patients with the dietary requirements for Japanese revealed that protein intake, especially animal protein intake, was higher and calcium intake lower in the patients. As a result of the counseling, intakes of total protein, animal protein, fat, and carbohydrates were all reduced. Patients in the stone recurrence-free group excreted less oxalate than those in the recurrent one. The excretion of oxalate was then reduced and urine volume increased owing to the diet counseling program. The stone recurrence rate of the group participating in the diet counseling was lower than that of the group not taking part. The recurrence rate of the hyperoxaluric group was higher, with statistical significance, than that of the normooxaluric group among those not receiving the dietary counseling. With dietary counseling, the recurrence rate significantly decreased in the hyperoxaluric patients. Thus, the reduction in the rate of stone recurrence resulting from participation in the diet counseling program seemed to be attributable to the decrease in urinary oxalate excretion. Dietary counseling seems to be a useful measure to prevent urinary stone recurrence.

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Nutritional Risk Factors in Urinary Stone Disease

Cited by 31 publications

References 4 publications

Role of the diurnal variation of urinary pH and urinary calcium in urolithiasis: A study in outpatients

Role of the diurnal variation of urinary pH and urinary calcium in urolithiasis: A study in outpatients

Effect of Ethyl Icosapentate on Urinary Calcium Excretion in Calcium Oxalate Stone Formers

Reduction of Urinary Stone Recurrence by Dietary Counseling After SWL

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