Nutritional Requirements of the Dermatophytes

Stockdale, P. M.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-185x.1953.tb01372.x

Cited by 30 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…A positive correlation between SOD and Zn and between SOD and Cu is reported (r=0.55, r=0.58 and r=0.73, r=0.68 in both healthy and affected animals, respectively). The decreasing activity of the erythrocyte GSHPx and SOD in dermatophytic calves may be related to the consumption of the cofactors Se, Cu, and Zn by dermatophytes; these results agree with previous work [5,22]. Pasa and Kiral [27] have reported a significant decline in serum Zn and vitamin A in calves with dermatophytosis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Since infection influences their storage in the body, it has been reported that these microminerals are subject to changes once infection occurs [5]. It is known that dermatophytes have a specific requirement for trace minerals including copper, zinc, iron, manganese, and magnesium [22]. Trace element deficiency might predispose trichophytosis in cattle by suppressing their immune system and lowering the activity of the antioxidant enzymes that contain copper, zinc, and selenium as cofactors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trace Minerals Status and Antioxidant Enzymes Activities in Calves with Dermatophytosis

Al-Qudah

Gharaibeh

Al-Shyyab

2009

Biol Trace Elem Res

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The aim of this study was to determine the levels of trace minerals Zn, Cu, and Se, the effect of dermatophytosis on the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as an indicator of lipid peroxidation, the status of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants, and the relationship between the mentioned trace minerals and antioxidant defense system in calves with dermatophytosis. A total of 21 Holstein calves with clinically established diagnosis of dermatophytosis and an equal number of healthy ones were included in this study. Results showed that 81% of mycotic isolates were Trichophyton verrucosum, while 19% were Trichophyton mentagrophytes. The level of Zn, Cu, Se, and glutathione (GSH) and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly (P

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace Minerals Status and Antioxidant Enzymes Activities in Calves with Dermatophytosis

Al-Qudah

Gharaibeh

Al-Shyyab

2009

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…The dermatophyte structure most commonly associated with contagion, especially in the poorly conidial anthropophilic dermatophytes, is the oblong to rounded, persistent ''spore,'' ''arthroconidium,'' or ''chlamydospore'' found within or attached to the exterior of infected hairs and within skin scales. These structures, particularly in certain species, may persist for years in the environment (200,220) and are highly heat resistant (222), particularly when embedded in hair or skin scales (230). In some anthropophilic species studied in detail, arthroconidia have a tendency to adhere in vitro to corneocytes derived from particular body sites (9,284).…”

Section: Epidemiology and Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The dermatophytes

1995

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The etiologic agents of the dermatophytoses (ringworm) are classified in three anamorphic (asexual or imperfect) genera, Epidermophyton, Microsporum, and Trichophyton. Species capable of reproducing sexually belong in the teleomorphic genus, Arthroderma, of the Ascomycota. On the basis of primary habitat association, they may be grouped as geophilic (soil associated), zoophilic, and anthropophilic. Adaptation to growth on humans by most geophilic species resulted in diminished loss of sporulation, sexuality, and other soil-associated characteristics. The dermatophytes have the ability to invade keratinized tissue (skin, hair, and nails) but are usually restricted to the nonliving cornified layer of the epidermis because of their inability to penetrate viable tissue of an immunocompetent host. However, invasion does elicit a host response ranging from mild to severe. Acid proteinases, elastase, keratinases, and other proteinases reportedly act as virulence factors. The development of cell-mediated immunity correlated with delayed hypersensitivity and an inflammatory response is associated with clinical cure, whereas the lack of or a defective cell-mediated immunity predisposes the host to chronic or recurrent dermatophyte infection. Chronic dermatophytosis is mostly caused by Trichophyton rubrum, and there is some evidence that mannan produced by this fungus suppresses or diminishes the inflammatory response. Since dermatophytes cause a communicable disease, modes of transmission and control are discussed as well as a survey of recent trends in therapy. Collection of specimens, culture media, and tests for identification are also presented. Genetic studies have led to an understanding of incompatibility mechanisms, pleomorphism and variation, resistance to griseofulvin, and virulence. Molecular biology has contributed to our knowledge of the taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of dermatophytes.

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“…The metabolic end products of dermatophytes were such that an increase in the alkalinity of the surrounding medium was noticed in contrast to saprophytic fungi, which make the medium acidic 4,5 . The early release of alkali was supposed to be of importance in the attack of keratin by the fungus 6 .This property has been used to prepare media using indicators for isolation of dermatophytes for rapid presumptive identification on SDA in primary isolation of dermatophytes (p=>0.05).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on microscopic technique and culture on Sabouraud's dextrose agar medium for diagnosis of dermatophytes infection

Khan¹,

Khan²,

Sarker³

et al. 2013

KYAMC j.

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Dermatophytoses (a fungal infection of the skin, hair and nail, usually caused by dermatophytes) constitutes an important public health problem because of its high prevalence and associated morbidity but not life-threatening. Three genera of dermatophytes are recognized based on the site and pattern of fungal invasion. Dermatophytes are the predominant pathogenic mould, but yeasts (especially Candida albicans) and non-dermatophytic moulds may also be implicated. For accurate diagnosis of dermatophytoses requires microscopic demonstration and isolation and identification by culture. This study evaluates the usefulness of microscopic technique and culture for the isolation and identification of dermatophytes from clinical samples. Thirty samples were included in this study for detection of fungal elements by both methods but sensitivity of microscopic demonstration and culture were 60.0% and 66.7% respectively. As the sensitivity of microscopic demonstration (60.0%) is almost equal to the isolation and identification rate (66.7%), requires further evaluation in large scale as its ready to use format makes the application and microscopy much easier and faster.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v3i1.13658 KYAMC Journal Vol. 3, No.-1, June 2012 pp.235-238

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Nutritional Requirements of the Dermatophytes

Cited by 30 publications

References 79 publications

Trace Minerals Status and Antioxidant Enzymes Activities in Calves with Dermatophytosis

Trace Minerals Status and Antioxidant Enzymes Activities in Calves with Dermatophytosis

The dermatophytes

Studies on microscopic technique and culture on Sabouraud's dextrose agar medium for diagnosis of dermatophytes infection

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