Nutritional Intervention to Prevent Alzheimer’s Disease: Potential Benefits of Xanthophyll Carotenoids and Omega-3 Fatty Acids Combined

Nolan, John M.; Mulcahy, Ríona; Power, Rebecca; Moran, Rachel; Howard, Alan

doi:10.3233/jad-180160

Cited by 61 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The LM supplement has numerous other micronutrients and is coupled with intake of omega-3 supplementation. The carotenoids have been shown to have visual benefits in healthy and disease states [1,[21][22][23][24][25][26][42][43][44][45] and when their supplementation is coupled with omega-3, the bioavailability of carotenoids is enhanced [46,47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Function and Macular Carotenoid Changes in Eyes with Retinal Drusen—An Open Label Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare a Micronized Lipid-Based Carotenoid Liquid Supplementation and AREDS-2 Formula

Davey

Henderson²,

Lem

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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Purpose: To compare the changes in visual and ocular parameters in individuals with retinal drusen who were treated with two commercially available nutritional supplements. Methods: An open-label, single-center, randomized, parallel-treatment with an observational control group design was utilized. The treatment groups included individuals with fine retinal drusen sub-clinical age-related macular degeneration (AMD), while the control group consisted of ocular normal individuals. The treatment groups were randomly assigned to the micronized lipid-based carotenoid supplement, Lumega-Z (LM), or the PreserVision Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS-2) soft gel (PV). Visual performance was evaluated using the techniques of visual acuity, dark adaptation recovery and contrast sensitivity, at baseline, three months, and six months. Additionally, the macular pigment optical density (MPOD) was measured. The control group was not assigned any carotenoid supplement. The right eye and left eye results were analyzed separately. Results: Seventy-nine participants were recruited for this study, of which 68 qualified and 56 participants had useable reliable data. Of the individuals who completed this study, 25 participants belonged to the LM group, 16 belonged to the PV group, and 15 to the control group. The LM group demonstrated statistically significant improvements in contrast sensitivity function (CSF) in both eyes at six months (p < 0.001). The LM group displayed a positive linear trend with treatment time in CSF (p < 0.001), with benefits visible after just three months of supplementation. Although there was a trend showing improvement in CSF in the PV group, the change was not significant after a Bonferroni-corrected p-value of p < 0.00625. Visual acuity, dark adaptation recovery and MPOD did not significantly improve in either treatment groups. Conclusion: The LM group demonstrated greater and faster benefits in visual performance as measured by CSF when compared to the PV group. This trial has been registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03946085).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Function and Macular Carotenoid Changes in Eyes with Retinal Drusen—An Open Label Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare a Micronized Lipid-Based Carotenoid Liquid Supplementation and AREDS-2 Formula

Davey

Henderson²,

Lem

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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“…Additional support for xanthophyll's role in inflammation draws from work in individuals with cardiovascular disease, and reports that xanthophyll status is inversely related with circulating inflammatory markers such as c‐reactive protein and interleukin 6 . As decrements in cognition have been linked with increased oxidative damage and inflammation, it is likely that lutein has a neuroprotective role in this context …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macular Xanthophylls and Event‐Related Brain Potentials among Overweight Adults and Those with Obesity

Edwards

Walk

Cannavale

et al. 2019

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope Macular accumulation of xanthophyll carotenoids (lutein, zeaxanthin) is known to have neuroprotective potential, yet their influence on cognition among overweight adults and those with obesity remains limited. This study examines the impact of macular xanthophylls on attentional resource allocation and information processing speed among adults with BMI ≥ 25 kg m−2. Methods and Results Adults between 25 and 45 years (N = 101) complete heterochromatic flicker photometry to determine macular pigment optical density (MPOD). Event‐related brain potentials are recorded during a visual oddball task. Amplitude and latency of the N2 and P3 indexed attentional resource allocation and information processing speed. Covariates included age, sex, education, intelligence quotient (IQ), %Fat (DXA), and dietary lutein and zeaxanthin (Diet History Questionnaire II). MPOD is inversely related to P3 peak amplitude during standard trials and P3 peak latency during target trials. Therefore, individuals with higher MPOD dedicate fewer attentional resources when attentional demands are low while exhibiting faster information processing speed when attentional demands are increased. Further, MPOD is inversely related to the N2 mean amplitude during targets, signifying greater inhibitory control. Conclusion These findings are the first to link macular xanthophylls to neuroelectric indices of attentional and inhibitory control among adults with overweight and obesity.

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“…Moreover, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TAEC) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assessed in brain homogenates was found to increase in rats fed with a mix of astaxanthin and fish oil, with respect to only fish oil. A similar investigation was performed by Nolan et al [87], who studied the beneficial effects of a mixture of xanthophyll carotenoids and fish oil (containing EPA and DHA) on the human brain. This particular functional food, probably due to its strong antioxidant potential, was able to reduce the progression of neurodegeneration, acting on memory, sight, and mood.…”

Section: Astaxanthin Against Cognitive Disordersmentioning

confidence: 82%

On the Neuroprotective Role of Astaxanthin: New Perspectives?

et al. 2018

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Astaxanthin is a carotenoid with powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity produced by several freshwater and marine microorganisms, including bacteria, yeast, fungi, and microalgae. Due to its deep red-orange color it confers a reddish hue to the flesh of salmon, shrimps, lobsters, and crayfish that feed on astaxanthin-producing organisms, which helps protect their immune system and increase their fertility. From the nutritional point of view, astaxanthin is considered one of the strongest antioxidants in nature, due to its high scavenging potential of free radicals in the human body. Recently, astaxanthin is also receiving attention for its effect on the prevention or co-treatment of neurological pathologies, including Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases. In this review, we focus on the neuroprotective properties of astaxanthin and explore the underlying mechanisms to counteract neurological diseases, mainly based on its capability to cross the blood-brain barrier and its oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties.

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Nutritional Intervention to Prevent Alzheimer’s Disease: Potential Benefits of Xanthophyll Carotenoids and Omega-3 Fatty Acids Combined

Abstract: This preliminary report suggests positive outcomes for patients with AD who consumed a combination of xanthophyll carotenoids plus fish oil, but further study is required to confirm this important observation.

Cited by 61 publications

References 63 publications

Visual Function and Macular Carotenoid Changes in Eyes with Retinal Drusen—An Open Label Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare a Micronized Lipid-Based Carotenoid Liquid Supplementation and AREDS-2 Formula

Visual Function and Macular Carotenoid Changes in Eyes with Retinal Drusen—An Open Label Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare a Micronized Lipid-Based Carotenoid Liquid Supplementation and AREDS-2 Formula

Macular Xanthophylls and Event‐Related Brain Potentials among Overweight Adults and Those with Obesity

On the Neuroprotective Role of Astaxanthin: New Perspectives?

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