Nutritional guidelines for the management of insulin resistance

Muscogiuri, Giovanna; Barrea, Luigi; Caprio, Massimiliano; Ceriani, Florencia; Chávez, Alberto O.; Ghoch, Marwan El; Frías-Toral, Evelyn; Mehta, Rucha; Méndez, Verna; Paschou, Stavroula Α.; Pazderska, Agnieszka; Savastano, Silvia; Colao, Annamaria

doi:10.1080/10408398.2021.1908223

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Previous animal and human studies revealed that IR and compensatory hyperinsulinemia lead to androgen excess in PCOS [75]. Androgen exposure and IR interact as both cause and effect under the action of the AKR1C3 enzyme in subcutaneous adipocytes, resulting in a vicious cycle [76]. Increased understanding of the role of IR in the pathogenesis of PCOS has led to the development of new strategies.…”

Section: Comparison Of Dietary Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Interventions: A Promising Treatment for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

et al. 2021

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Background: Dietary interventions as a first-line treatment for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have been evaluated, but the optimal diet has not been determined. Proper diet and the maintenance of adequate nutritional status are of great importance in the prevention of this disorder, and therapeutics and dietary habits play an important role in the recovery of patients with PCOS. Summary: A range of dietary patterns have been shown to impact weight loss and insulin resistance (IR) and improve reproductive function, including the Mediterranean diet, the ketogenic diet, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, and other dietary patterns. Key Messages: Diets that can reduce rates of obesity and IR are beneficial to women with PCOS, the status of obesity and IR should be determined at the early stage of the disease, so as to develop individualized and sustainable dietary intervention. The long-term efficacy, safety, and health benefits of diet management in patients with PCOS need to be tested by further researches.

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Section: Comparison Of Dietary Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Interventions: A Promising Treatment for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

et al. 2021

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“…There are many clinical studies have provided strong evidence of strategic relevance of dietary management in the treatment of women with PCOS. For example, Mediterranean diet, low-carb diet, and supplementary antioxidant diet all have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiobesity, and anti-IR effects on PCOS [ 15 , 16 ]. Among the auxiliary antioxidant factors, curcumin has attracted much attention in recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curcumin in Combination with Aerobic Exercise Improves Follicular Dysfunction via Inhibition of the Hyperandrogen‐Induced IRE1α/XBP1 Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway in PCOS‐Like Rats

Zhang

Weng

Wang

et al. 2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Combining diet with exercise can improve health and performance. Exercise can reduce androgen excess and insulin resistance (IR) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. Curcumin is also presumed to improve the follicle development disorder. Here, we investigated the effects of a combination therapy of oral intake of curcumin and exercise on hyperandrogen-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ovarian granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis in rats with PCOS. We generated a PCOS model via continuous dehydroepiandrosterone subcutaneous injection into the necks of Sprague Dawley rats for 35 days. PCOS-like rats then received curcumin treatment combined with aerobic (treadmill) exercise for 8 weeks. We found that compared to control rats, the ovarian tissue and ovarian GCs of hyperandrogen-induced PCOS rats showed increased levels of ER stress-related genes and proteins. Hyperandrogen-induced ovarian GC apoptosis, which was mediated by excessive ER stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) activation, could cause follicle development disorders. Both curcumin gavage and aerobic exercise improved ovarian function via inhibiting the hyperandrogen-activated ER stress IRE1α-XBP1 pathway. Dihydrotestosterone- (DHT-) induced ER stress was mitigated by curcumin/irisin or 4μ8C (an ER stress inhibitor) in primary GC culture. In this in vitro model, the strongly expressed follicular development-related genes Ar, Cyp11α1, and Cyp19α1 were also downregulated.

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“…PCOS has been associated with an increased frequency of weight management methods [ 67 ]. These findings may be related to women with PCOS being more likely to perceive themselves at risk of excessive weight gain [ [67] , [68] , [69] ].…”

Section: Nutritional Approach To Obese Pcosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Weight loss, by 5–10%, can improve insulin and testosterone levels and improve menstrual hormones [ 64 , 68 ]. Among the different nutritional strategies, the MD is recognized as a dietary pattern due to its characteristics, like consumption of fatty acids, omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids, and diminished consumption of animal-derived proteins that may decrease many risk factors for metabolic disorders such as endothelial dysfunction, fatty acids alterations and IR [ 56 , 67 ].…”

Section: Nutritional Approach To Obese Pcosmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCOS and nutritional approaches: Differences between lean and obese phenotype

et al. 2021

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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine/metabolic disorder with an ever-increasing prevalence. It has various clinical characteristics; the cardinals are androgen excess, oligo-anovulatory infertility, polycystic ovaries, insulin resistance (IR), and cardiometabolic alterations. These disturbances are a consequence of PCOS's complex etiology. PCOS is mainly related to women with obesity; however, there are many PCOS lean patients too. Even though they share some aspects in their metabolic profiles, each group has individual differences in body composition and other parameters. Thus, in order to achieve successful therapeutic strategies, they should be tailored to these details. The authors reviewed PubMed's updated and related publications about body composition and nutritional strategies for PCOS lean and obese patients. As previous reports have determined, dietary patterns are essential in PCOS treatment. Several diets have been studied to control and improve IR, infertility, and cardiometabolic dysfunctions in PCOS. This review will explain the specific features in metabolic characterization and body composition among these patients. Finally, the diverse nutritional strategies used in women with PCOS will be analyzed depending on their lean or obese phenotype.

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Nutritional guidelines for the management of insulin resistance

Cited by 30 publications

References 108 publications

Dietary Interventions: A Promising Treatment for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Dietary Interventions: A Promising Treatment for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Curcumin in Combination with Aerobic Exercise Improves Follicular Dysfunction via Inhibition of the Hyperandrogen‐Induced IRE1α/XBP1 Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway in PCOS‐Like Rats

PCOS and nutritional approaches: Differences between lean and obese phenotype

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