Nutritional Factors in the Etiology of Brain Tumors Potential Role of Nitrosamines, Fat, and Cholesterol

Kaplan, Sara; Novikov, llya; Modan, Baruch

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009201

Cited by 84 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Studies have shown that hyperinsulinaemia promotes carcinogenesis in both colon and breast cancer and that the mechanism could possibly involve activity of insulin growth factor I (IGFI; Stoll, 1999;Kim, 1998). Kaplan et al (1997) have noted an association between meningioma and intake of saturated fat, which was not found in astrocytoma patients. Gene expression of different insulin-like growth factors has been reported in meningioma (Lichtor et al, 1993).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary brain tumours as second primary: A novel association between meningioma and colorectal cancer

et al. 2000

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary brain tumours as second primary: A novel association between meningioma and colorectal cancer

et al. 2000

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“…Epidemiologic studies of diet and vitamin supplementation have provided mixed support for the hypothesis that dietary N-nitroso compounds, antioxidants, or speci c nutrients might in uence the risk of either childhood or adult brain tumors, as reviewed in a number of reports (Berleur and Cordier, 1995;PrestonMartin and Mack, 1996;Wrensch et al, 1993), including some published more recently Hu et al, 1999;Kaplan et al, 1997;Lee et al, 1997;Lubin et al, 2000;Tedeschi-Blok et al, 2001). In a review of the relationship between childhood cancer and cured meat in the diet, Blot et al (1999) observed that most studies found no statistically significant association between the mother's total consumption of cured meat during the index pregnancy and the risk for developing a brain tumor in the child, but more studies found positive rather than negative relationships.…”

Section: Diet and Vitaminsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of primary brain tumors: Current concepts and review of the literature

Wrensch¹,

Minn²,

Chew³

et al. 2002

Neuro-Oncol

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Neuro-OncologyThe purpose of this review is to provide a suf ciently detailed perspective on epidemiologic studies of primary brain tumors to encourage multidisciplinary etiologic and prognostic studies among surgeons, neuro-oncologists, epidemiologists, and molecular scientists. Molecular tumor markers that predict survival and treatment response are being identi ed with hope of even greater gains in this area from emerging array technologies. Regarding risk factors, studies of inherited susceptibility and constitutive polymorphisms in genes pertinent to carcinogenesis (for example, DNA repair and detoxi cation genes and mutagen sensitivity) have revealed provocative ndings. Inverse associations of the history of allergies with glioma risk observed in 3 large studies and reports of inverse associations of glioma with common infections suggest a possible role of immune factors in glioma genesis or progression. Studies continue to suggest that brain tumors might result from workplace, dietary, and other personal and residential exposures, but studies of cell phone use and power frequency electromagnetic elds have found little to support a causal connection with brain tumors; caveats remain. The only proven causes of brain tumors (that is, rare hereditary syndromes, therapeutic radiation, and immune suppression giving rise to brain lymphomas) account for a small proportion of cases. Progress in understanding primary brain tumors might result from studies of well-de ned histologic and molecular tumor types incorporating assessment of potentially relevant information on subject susceptibility and environmental and noninherited endogenous factors (viruses, radiation, and carcinogenic or protective chemical exposures through diet, workplace, oxidative metabolism, or other sources). Such studies will require the cooperation of researchers from many disciplines. Neuro-Oncology 4, 278-299, 2002 (Posted to Neuro-Oncology [serial online], Doc. 02-011, August 27, 2002 P rimary malignant or benign brain tumors were estimated to be newly diagnosed in about 35,519 Americans in 2001 (CBTRUS, 2000. Epidemiologic studies enhance our understanding of this heterogeneous group of diseases in 2 ways. Descriptive studies characterize the incidence of brain tumors and the mortality and survival rates associated with them with respect to histologic tumor type and demographic characteristics of patients affected, such as their age, sex, and geographic region. Analytic epidemiologic studies either compare the risk of brain tumors in people with and without certain characteristics (cohort studies) or compare the histories of people with and without brain tumors (case-control studies) to provide information on a wide range of possible risk factors, including diet, smoking, alcohol, occupation and industry, exposure to ionizing or nonionizing radiation, infections, allergies, head trauma, family history, and inherited polymorphisms in genes related to carcinogen metabolism, oxidative metabolism, and DNA repair. Because of the relative ra...

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“…Several studies suggest that differences in diet and lifestyle can have major effects on tumour incidence, prevalence, and natural history (Blowers et al, 1997;Kaplan et al, 1997;Hu et al, 1999). Dietary restriction (DR) has long been recognised as a natural therapy that improves health, promotes longevity, and significantly reduces both the incidence and growth of many tumour types (Rous, 1914;Tannenbaum, 1959;Weindruch and Walford, 1988;Birt et al, 1999;Kritchevsky, 1999b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary restriction reduces angiogenesis and growth in an orthotopic mouse brain tumour model

et al. 2002

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Diet and lifestyle produce major effects on tumour incidence, prevalence, and natural history. Moderate dietary restriction has long been recognised as a natural therapy that improves health, promotes longevity, and reduces both the incidence and growth of many tumour types. Dietary restriction differs from fasting or starvation by reducing total food and caloric intake without causing nutritional deficiencies. No prior studies have evaluated the responsiveness of malignant brain cancer to dietary restriction. We found that a moderate dietary restriction of 30 -40% significantly inhibited the intracerebral growth of the CT-2A syngeneic malignant mouse astrocytoma by almost 80%. The total dietary intake for the ad libitum control group (n=9) and the dietary restriction experimental group (n=10) was about 20 and 13 Kcal day 71 , respectively. Overall health and vitality was better in the dietary restriction-fed mice than in the ad libitum-fed mice. Tumour microvessel density (Factor VIII immunostaining) was two-fold less in the dietary restriction mice than in the ad libitum mice, whereas the tumour apoptotic index (TUNEL assay) was three-fold greater in the dietary restriction mice than in the ad libitum mice. CT-2A tumour cellinduced vascularity was also less in the dietary restriction mice than in the ad libitum mice in the in vivo Matrigel plug assay. These findings indicate that dietary restriction inhibited CT-2A growth by reducing angiogenesis and by enhancing apoptosis. Dietary restriction may shift the tumour microenvironment from a proangiogenic to an antiangiogenic state through multiple effects on the tumour cells and the tumour-associated host cells. Our data suggest that moderate dietary restriction may be an effective antiangiogenic therapy for recurrent malignant brain cancers.

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Nutritional Factors in the Etiology of Brain Tumors Potential Role of Nitrosamines, Fat, and Cholesterol

Cited by 84 publications

References 40 publications

Primary brain tumours as second primary: A novel association between meningioma and colorectal cancer

Primary brain tumours as second primary: A novel association between meningioma and colorectal cancer

Epidemiology of primary brain tumors: Current concepts and review of the literature

Dietary restriction reduces angiogenesis and growth in an orthotopic mouse brain tumour model

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