Nutritional evaluation study based on NRS 2002, OPNI, and their combined use in patients with adverse drug reactions after chemotherapy: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: It is important to assess the nutritional status of patients who have experienced adverse drug reactions (ADRs) after chemotherapy. We aimed to explore the nutritional status of patients who developed ADRs after chemotherapy, using the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) tool, the Onodera Prognostic Nutrition Index (OPNI), and their combined application.Methods: NRS2002 screening and OPNI calculation for patients before chemotherapy. Patients with ADRs after chemotherapy were grouped according to the NRS 2002, OPNI, and combined scores from both assessments. The types of ADRs were classified according to the National adverse drug reaction monitoring system (http://www.adrs.org.cn/).The impact of nutritional risk on the classification and types of ADRs in cancer chemotherapy patients was analyzed. Logistic regression was used to analyze the key influencing factors of gastrointestinal damage and bone marrow suppression. the consistency between the NRS 2002, OPNI, and their combined application analyzed. Results:The difference in body mass index (BMI) scores between the OPNI (P=0.041) and NRS 2002 groups was statistically significant (P=0.051). The difference in ADR type in the OPNI subgroups (P=0.04) was statistically significant. It showed that the proportion of new and severe ADRs in the low OPNI group (47.14%) was significantly higher than that in the high OPNI group (27.13%). The differences in digestive tract-associated ADRs were statistically significant among the OPNI groups (P=0.004), NRS 2002 groups (P=0.012), and combined measures groups (P=0.000), as were the differences in myelosuppressive-type ADRs in the OPNI groups (P=0.035), NRS 2002 groups (P=0.000), and combined measures groups (P=0.000).Logistic regression analysis showed that BMI was the key influencing factor for digestive tract-associated ADRs (95% CI: 1.267, 95% CI: 1.022-1.570, P=0.031) and myelosuppressive-type ADRs (95% CI: 1.213, 95% CI: 1.020-1.443, P=0.029). It had good consistency with the combined measures of nutritional risk (Kappa value =0.675).Conclusions: Patients with severe ADRs after chemotherapy showed low OPNI values, high NRS 2002 scores, and malnutrition. These patients also had a significantly increased incidence of digestive tract and myelosuppressive-type ADRs with BMI as the key influencing factor. The combined assessments showed good consistency with the NRS 2002 scores.

Trends in nutritional status and factors affecting prognostic nutritional index in ovarian cancer patients during chemotherapy: a prospective longitudinal study based on generalized estimating equations

“…This downward trend in nutritional risk prevalence among OC women as chemotherapy progressed is noteworthy. Bian et al [ 21 ] reported a similar prevalence of nutritional risk (21.0%) before chemotherapy in cancer patients. The ascending trend observed in our study aligns with research by Gupta et al [ 12 ], who found that the malnutrition prevalence decreased from 53.1% at admission to 35.7% at 3 months in OC women following chemotherapy, indicating an improved nutritional status.…”