Nutritional Evaluation of Treated Jojoba Meal by Aspergillus Oryzae as Sheep Feed

Abstract

he present study was to investigate the effect of feeding biologically treated jojoba meal(TJM) by Asperigullis oryzae (Fk-923) on digestibility coefficient, nutritive value, blood metabolic, and rumen characteristic of sheep. Twenty Barki male sheep were used in a randomized complete blocks designed (four groups of five sheep each) average body weight 36.42 +2.05 kg and aged 4-5 years old. The experiment aimed to study the feed evaluation of sheep feed on treated jojoba meal. The experimental concentrate rations were as follow:R1: Control treatment (yellow corn (40%), wheat bran (20%), cotton seed meal (30%), molasses (6%), salt (1.5%), limestone (2%), and (0.5%) mineral premix, R2: Yellow corn (40%), wheat bran (20%), cotton seed meal (20%), jojoba meal (10%), molasses (6%), salt (1.5%), limestone (2%) and (0.5%) mineral premix, R3: Yellow corn (40%), wheat bran (20%), cotton seed meal (10%), jojoba meal (20%), molasses (6%), salt (1.5%), limestone (2%) and (0.5%) mineral premix and R4: Yellow corn (40%), wheat bran (20%), jojoba meal (30%), molasses (6%), salt (1.5%), limestone (2%) and (0.5%) mineral premix. The results indicated that the high crude protein content in jojoba meal with fungus was associated with lower crud fiber content. It is noted that the treated jojoba recorded an improvement in CP, CF. higher than the untreated jojoba meal. Jojoba meal with fungus decreased the simmondsin contents from 5% in untreated jojoba meal to 0.17% JM treated. Chemical analyses of CP and EE in the R4 were found to be higher than those of R3, R2 and R1, while crude fiber, NDF, ADF contents recorded lower values in R4 than other rations. Results of digestibility trail showed that animals fed R1 and R3 recorded higher (P<0.05) DM, CP, OM, EE, NDF and ADF digestibility compared to other diets. The TDN g/kg BW and TDN % were higher in R3 compared to the ether diets. The DCP as g/h//d and DCP% of R1, R3 and R4 were significantly (p<0.05) higher than R2. The higher NI, FN and total excretion were recorded by R4 compared to other diets. Ruminal PH higher value was recorded in zero time and tended to decrease at 3hrs and 6hrs after feeding .Rumen ammonia-N concentration was increased at 3hrs and decrease at 6hrs after feeding. the Jojoba ration showed higher (P<0.01) TVFA , s production 3hrs after feeding ,but lower (P<0.01) at 6hrs after feeding in R2 and R3 verses R1 and R4. Starting from 2hrs to 24hrs of incubation the R3and R4 combinations showed higher gas produced volume than R2 and control. The highest potential gas production soluble (a) and insoluble (b) for treated Jojoba meal with fungi. Total protein, albumin and globulin were non-significantly increased (P>0.05) in lambs fed R4 ration than in those fed R3, R1 and R2. The activity of ALT and AST enzyme was significantly. Serum T3 and T4 levels showed numerical significant (P<0.05) increase for T4 in group fed R1 as compared with the other group. feeding sheep on R 3 and R 4 reduced the cost of one Kg DCP compared with lambs fed on R 2 and control ration. This 20...

Bio-Detoxification of Jojoba Meal by Aspergillus oryzae and Impact of its Utilization in Ewes and Lambs' Feeding

“…The values of TDN and DCP intake increased with increasing of the replacement percentage of cotton seed meal by treated jojoba meal. The present results are in accordance with those reported by Abdou (2018) and Abdou and El-Essawy (2018). On the other hand, during late pregnancy, the intake levels of total dry matter, were numerically higher in ewes feed on control ration compared to both 7 and 14% (TJM).…”

“…The higher TDNI and DCPI (g/kg Bw) during early and late pregnancy were recorded for R3 than those of R2 and control ration. These results are in agreement with those obtained by Abdou (2018) who reported that dry matter intake (DMI) and crude protein intake were higher for sheep fed ration supplemented with 30 % (TJM). Khalel et al (2008) reported that feed intake increased significantly when diet contained 10% treated jojoba meal by Trichoderma reesei.…”

“…The highest values were observed for lambs fed 14% JM followed by those fed 7% while the lowest value was recorded for control group which might be due to the increase of nitrogen intake in R3 and high crude protein of jojoba meal as a result of the improvement in nutrient digestibility by fungal treatment which resulted in increased nutritive value. These results are on the line with those reported by El-Kady et al (2008) and Abdou (2018). Concerning the nitrogen intake, excretion and balances, no significant (P>0.05) differences were observed among experimental groups.…”

“…While digestion coefficients of ADF and ADL were lower in R3 compared to R2 and R1. These data are in agreement with those of El-kady et al (2008) and Abdou (2018) who showed that sheep fed control ration and ration content 20% treated jojoba meal with fungi recorded higher (P<0.05) DM, CP, OM, NDF and ADF digestibility compared to other diets. Regarding the water intake values, data of drinking water revealed that replacing cotton seed meal by jojoba meal with fungus (TJM) in lambs ration at 7 % and 14 % led to nonsignificant effect in water intake (ml/head/day) while feeding lambs the ration containing TJM reflected significant (P<0.05) increase in drinking water (ml/g DM intake) by about 10.47% and 12.1% for R2 and R3 in comparison with R1.…”

“…However, when nitrogen balance calculated as % of digested nitrogen, control animals recorded the highest percentage followed by those of R3 and R2, respectively, due to the high nitrogen intake in R3 and R1. Abdou (2018) reported that increase in nitrogen balance as g/day, nitrogen utilization as percentage of either nitrogen intake and nitrogen utilization of digested with 20% treated jojoba meal compared to control ration and 10% treated jojoba meal.…”