Nutritional Content and Elemental and Phytochemical Analyses ofMoringa oleiferaGrown in Mexico

Abstract

Moringa oleiferais a tree distributed in Mexican semiarid and coastal regions.M. oleiferais used in practice in the treatment of various diseases and is available without a medical prescription, often in the form of an herbal infusion for everyday use. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the chemical composition and nutritional values of driedM. oleiferaleaf powder collected from two different regions in Mexico. All samples ofM. oleiferaexhibited moisture levels varying from 3.06 to 3.34%, lipids from 10.21 to 10.31%, fiber from 7.29 to 9.46%, ashes from 10.71 to 11.18%, crude protein from 10.74 to 11.48%, and carbohydrates from 54.61 to 57.61%. The predominant mineral elements in the leaf powder according to ICP-MS were Ca (2016.5–2620.5 mg/100 g), K (1817–1845 mg/100 g), and Mg (322.5–340.6 mg/100 g). The HPLC analysis indicated the presence of phenolic acids (gallic and chlorogenic acids) and flavonoids (rutin, luteolin, quercetin, apigenin, and kaempferol). We concluded that LombardiaM. oleiferasamples could be employed in edible and commercial applications. Our results showed that the highest mean value of As from the San Pedro samples exceeds the recommended level and may constitute a health hazard to consumers.

<i>Moringa oleifera</i>: An apoptosis inducer in cancer cells

“…More recently, HPLC-DAD-ESI_MS/MS analysis carried out by Karthivashanet al [52] confirmed the presence of multiflorin-B, apigenin-8-C-glucoside, quercetin and kampferol derivatives in crude hydroethanolic extract of M. oleifera leaves. Similarly, 7 polyphenols namely; gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, luteolin, rutin, quercetin, kampferol and apigenin were identified in methanolic extract of M. oleifera by HPLC analysis [53]. Also, reproductive and vegetative tissues of M. oleifera leaves and stem were found to have quinic acid, quercetin and kampferol [54].…”

Proximate composition, mineral content and amino acid profile of Irvingia gabonensis O’Rorke baill leaf

“…Proteins are a very important class of biomolecules needed for maintenance and repair of body tissues, synthesis of vital hormones and an alternative source of energy when there are deficiencies of other rich sources. The protein content of Irvingia gabonensis O'Rorke Baill leaf from this study (11.43±1.07 %), is high when compared to that of Talinum triangulare leaves (3.52±0.32) [22], Moringa oleifera leaves (10.74 ± 1.3) [26], but low when compared to Annona muricata leaves (25.00 ± 0.06) [25]. Irvingia gabonensis O'Rorke Baill leaf may therefore be considered a good source of protein.…”

“…It helps in regulating plasma volume and acid-base balance, vital in the maintenance of osmotic pressure of the body fluids, helps in preserving normal irritability of muscles and cell permeability, activates nerve and muscle function and involved in Na + /K + -ATPase, maintains membrane potentials, helps in transmission of nerve impulses and the absorptive processes of monosaccharides, amino acids, pyrimidines, and bile salts [35]. The sodium content of Irvingia gabonensis O'Rorke Baill leaf obtained from this study (93.11±0.04 mg/100g), is high compared with Chromolaena odorata leaf [37], Annona muricata leaves (69.49mg/100g) [25], and Vernonia amygdalina leaves (48.31mg/100g) [38] and Moringa oleifera leaves [26]. With respect to FAO/WHO recommended daily intakes, the results obtained from this study indicates that Irvingia gabonensis O'Rorke Baill leaf is rich in zinc and iron but low in magnesium [36].…”

“…Potassium is also required during glycogen synthesis [35]. The potassium content of Irvingia gabonensis O'Rorke Baill leaf obtained from this study (671.09±0.04 mg/100g), is high compared with 96.91±1.05 mg/100g of Chromolaena odorata leaf [37], Annona muricata leaves (36.31mg/100g) [25], and Vernonia amygdalina leaves (62.79mg/100g) [38] but low when compared with Moringa oleifera leaves [26]. The result however shows that Irvingia gabonensis O'Rorke Baill leaf is rich in potassium.…”

Phytochemical Constituents, Biological Activities, Therapeutic Potentials and Nutritional Values of &lt;i&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/i&gt; (Zogale): A Review

“…In Philippines, Cambodia, Central and North America [22]. M. oleifera is known as drumstick in English [15,16,17,18,23,24,25,26,27], Zogale in Hausa [26,27,28], "Eweigbale" in Yoruba [26], Okweoyibo in Igbo [26]. M. oleifera is a small, fast growing evergreen or deciduous tree that usually grows up to 10-12m in height [16,18,24,25,28].…”