Nutritional Composition and Antioxidative Activity of Different Parts of Taraxacum coreanum and Taraxacum officinale

Lee, Jae‐Joon; Oh, Hee-Kyung

doi:10.7318/kjfc/2015.30.3.362

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In rubber dandelion, A. rhizogenes-mediated transformation is frequently performed using root fragments as explants. Rubber dandelion has the ability to naturally regenerate shoots from root explants on nonhormonal medium in tissue culture (Zhang et al 2015) and, hence, roots have shown the highest regeneration efficiency in rubber dandelion (Bae et al 2005;Bowes 1970;Lee et al 2004). Agrobacterium rhizogenes has higher transformation efficiency in Taraxacum spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Targeted Mutagenesis of Inulin Biosynthesis in Rubber Dandelion

Ariyaratne,

King-Smith,

Fresnedo-Ramirez

et al. 2023

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Rubber dandelion (Taraxacum kok-saghyz) is a natural rubber-producing dandelion that has the potential to become an industrial crop. Inulin is a storage carbohydrate in rubber dandelion, and its synthesis competes with rubber production for assimilated carbon. We used the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) system to simultaneously target two sites in the gene that encodes 1-fructan:fructan-1-fructosyl transferase gene (1-FFT), a key enzyme in inulin biosynthesis. Agrobacterium rhizogenes and Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated plant transformation methods were used to generate transgenic plants with CRISPR/Cas9 elements. Transformation rates were 71% and 64% via A. rhizogenes and A. tumefaciens-mediated transformations, respectively. Mutagenesis was confirmed by the loss of restriction site method and Sanger sequencing. Of 13 transgenic plants obtained via A. rhizogenes, six showed editing of both target sites within the 1-FFT gene. Transgenic rubber dandelion plants were obtained within 10 weeks using A. rhizogenes-mediated transformation, which was much faster than the 6 months required for A. tumafaciens transformants. Of 11 transgenic plants obtained via A. tumefaciens, five showed mutations in both target sites. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction confirmed Cas9 expression in all edited transformants. Both A. rhizogenes-mediated double-mutant transformants and A. tumefaciens-mediated double mutant transformants had lower levels of inulin than wild-type plants. Moreover, A. rhizogenes-mediated transformants had a higher rubber content than wild-type plants. Therefore, the present study validates the use of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing as an efficient tool for the generation of useful mutations in rubber dandelion and could be implemented in future crop improvement approaches.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Targeted Mutagenesis of Inulin Biosynthesis in Rubber Dandelion

Ariyaratne,

King-Smith,

Fresnedo-Ramirez

et al. 2023

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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“…These types of roots provide water, carbohydrates, fat, and protein. For example, dandelion roots contain 22.59% more carbohydrates than the aerial parts of the dandelion [ 32 ]. The root tuber of Stachys geobombycis contains around 23 g of sugar, 4.1 g of protein, 0.3 g of fat, and 72 g of water per 100 g [ 33 ] ( Table 4 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA metabarcoding uncovers the diet of subterranean rodents in China

Zhang¹,

Zou²,

Zou³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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Objective A type of rodent called a zokor causes great harm to agriculture and forestry production due to its large and sophisticated diet. As this rodent lives subterrane for most of its life, researchers know little about its dietary habits. Further understanding of its diet is important for developing green and sustainable control strategies for the zokor. Methods Chloroplast trnL gene and internal transcription spacer 1 primers were selected for high-throughput sequencing of stomach contents of captured zokor by DNA metabarcoding. Results A total of 25 zokors were selected, the food list of 32 families, 80 genera, and 154 species was obtained. At the family level, it was found that zokors mainly fed on Asteraceae, Poaceae, Rosaceae, Pinaceae, Brassicaceae, and Apiaceae. At the genus level, zokors mainly fed on Echinops, Littledalea, Artemisia, Picea, Cirsium, and Elymus. The diet alpha diversity of Eospalax cansus was slightly higher than that of Eospalax cansus (P>0.05). The zokor’s diet is highly phconsistent with the resources of its habitat. Most food choices tend to be the same between the two zokors. They fed primarily on Calamagrostis, Cirsium, Echinops, Medicago, Sanguisorba, and Taraxacum. Zokors mainly fed on the roots of perennial herbs, which are important source of energy. Conclusion High-throughput sequencing-based DNA metabarcoding technology has effectively revealed the diet of zokors and indicated that zokors are food generalists.

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“…In food selection, taproot (54.60%) and rhizome (26.41%) were the main food types, and these types of roots provided water, carbohydrate, fat and protein for zokor. For example, dandelion roots contain 22.59% more carbohydrates than aerial parts [57]. The root tuber of Stachys geobombycis contains 23g of sugar, 4.1g of protein, 0.3g of fat and nearly 72% of water per 100g [58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA metabarcoding Uncover the Diet of Subterranean Rodents in China

Zhang

Zou

Nan

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Objective: In the past, the zokor, which lived in northern China, caused great harm to agriculture and forestry production due to its large and sophisticated diet. Since the rat lives underground for most of its life, researchers know little about its dietary habits. Further understanding of its diet in the field is of important meaning for developing green and sustainable control strategies for the rat.Methods:Longde County in Liupan Mountain area of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was selected as the interest area to capture zokor and investigate the species of habitat plants.We selected chloroplast trnL gene and eukaryotic internal transcription spacer 1 (ITS 1) primers to amplify DNA from the gastric contents of zokor,and then sequenced on Illumina Miseq PE300 platform.Results:The gastric contents of Eospalax smithii (n=16) and E.cansus(n=9) were analyzed by operational taxonomic units (OTU) clustering and amplicon sequence variants(ASVs).The OTU clustering method obtained 2,995 OTUs, and the ASV method obtained 4,657 ASVs. The ASV method was better than the OTU clustering method, and the ASV method was adopted in the subsequent analysis. The food list of 32 families, 80 genera and 154 species was obtained by ASV method after the error was removed. The food composition of zokor was evaluated by relative abundance(%RA) method and frequency of occurrence(%ROO) method. At the Family level, it was found that zokor mainly fed on Asteraceae, Poaceae, Rosaceae, Pinaceae, Brassicaceae, Apiaceae, etc. At the Genus level, they are mainlyEchinops, Littledalea,Artemisia,P icea, Cirsium, Elymus and so on. The diet alpha diversity of E.cansus was slightly higher than that of E.smithii (P > 0.05). The correlation coefficient between Sobs index of alpha diversity and body weight of zokor was -0.382 (P = 0.059). The diet beta diversity proved that most zokors (22/25) clustered together, with low heterogeneity. They fed positively on Calamagrostis, Cirsium, Echinops, M edicago, Sanguisorba and T araxacum. We found that zokor mainly fed on the roots of perennial herbs(PH), which were rich in water, carbohydrate, fat and protein, which provided an important energy source for its survival. Conclusion: High-throughput sequencing(HTS) based DNA metabarcoding technology has well revealed the diet of zokor, which are generalist.

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Nutritional Composition and Antioxidative Activity of Different Parts of Taraxacum coreanum and Taraxacum officinale

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Targeted Mutagenesis of Inulin Biosynthesis in Rubber Dandelion

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Targeted Mutagenesis of Inulin Biosynthesis in Rubber Dandelion

DNA metabarcoding uncovers the diet of subterranean rodents in China

DNA metabarcoding Uncover the Diet of Subterranean Rodents in China

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