Nutritional and Physiological Regulation of Water Transport in the Conceptus

Zhu, Cui; Jiang, Zongyong; Johnson, Gregory A.; Burghardt, Robert C.; Bazer, Fuller W.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-85686-1_6

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 132 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Most recently, McLendon et al [ 38 ] localized AQP 1, 5, 8, and 9 proteins to specific cell types within both the endometrium and placenta, suggesting that pigs can use AQP1, AQP5, AQP8, and AQP9 to transport water from the endometrial bloodstream to the allantoic bloodstream and allantoic fluid. Much evidence shows that AQPs are essential for maintaining the accumulation and reabsorption of allantoic and amniotic fluids for optimal embryonic growth [ 37 ]. Of note, dietary supplementation with Arg enhanced the expression of genes for AQP 1, AQP 3, AQP 5, AQP 8, and AQP 9 in the placenta (Table 8 ) and functionally the placental transport of water (Table 7 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some AQPs (e.g., AQPs 1 and 5) are cGMP-gated transmembrane channels [ 70 , 71 ]. In addition, AQPs are activated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase A [ 32 , 37 ]. Thus, cGMP and cAMP cell signaling can up-regulate water transport across the cell membrane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, inhibition of NO synthesis reduced water transport by porcine placental cells [ 36 ]. Because NO stimulates the production of cGMP from GTP by guanylate cyclase in cells [ 37 ], dietary supplementation with 0.4% Arg enhanced the concentration of cGMP in porcine placentae by 25% (Table 6 ). Similarly, increasing the extracellular concentration of Arg from 0.1 to 0.25 mmol/L augmented the concentration of cGMP in porcine trophectoderm cells by 38% [ 72 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AQPs are activated by multiple signaling pathways, including cGMP, cAMP, mitogen-activated protein kinases, protein kinase C, and phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases/protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin [ 34 – 36 ]. To date, 13 isoforms of AQP have been discovered in mammals [ 32 ], 12 of which are expressed in the female reproductive tract [ 37 ]. Pigs can potentially use AQP1, AQP5, AQP8, and AQP9 to transport water from the endometrial bloodstream to the allantoic bloodstream or allantoic fluid [ 38 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the timing and dose of Arg supplementation to pregnant gilts has been studied, the exact mechanism through which it increases embryonic survival is not fully understood [ 37 , 39 ]. We conducted this study to test the hypothesis that supplementation of 0.4% Arg to gilts between d 14 and d 30 of gestation would increase embryonic survival and development by increasing the placental expression of angiogenic factors and AQP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Dietary supplementation with 0.4% L-arginine between days 14 and 30 of gestation enhances NO and polyamine syntheses and water transport in porcine placentae

Herring

Bazer

Johnson

et al. 2022

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Most embryonic loss in pigs occurs before d 30 of gestation. Dietary supplementation with L-arginine (Arg) during early gestation can enhance the survival and development of conceptuses (embryo/fetus and its extra-embryonic membranes) in gilts. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Methods Between d 14 and 30 of gestation, each gilt was fed daily 2 kg of a corn- and soybean-meal based diet (12% crude protein) supplemented with either 0.4% Arg (as Arg-HCl) or an isonitrogenous amount of L-alanine (Control). There were 10 gilts per treatment group. On d 30 of gestation, gilts were fed either Arg-HCl or L-alanine 30 min before they were hysterectomized, followed by the collection of placentae, embryos, fetal membranes, and fetal fluids. Amniotic and allantoic fluids were analyzed for nitrite and nitrate [NOx; stable oxidation products of nitric oxide (NO)], polyamines, and amino acids. Placentae were analyzed for syntheses of NO and polyamines, water and amino acid transport, concentrations of amino acid-related metabolites, and the expression of angiogenic factors and aquaporins (AQPs). Results Compared to the control group, Arg supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the number of viable fetuses by 1.9 per litter, the number and diameter of placental blood vessels (+ 25.9% and + 17.0% respectively), embryonic survival (+ 18.5%), total placental weight (+ 36.5%), the total weight of viable fetuses (+ 33.5%), fetal crown-to-rump length (+ 4.7%), and total allantoic and amniotic fluid volumes (+ 44.6% and + 75.5% respectively). Compared to control gilts, Arg supplementation increased (P < 0.05) placental activities of GTP cyclohydrolase-1 (+ 33.1%) and ornithine decarboxylase (+ 29.3%); placental syntheses of NO (+ 26.2%) and polyamines (+ 28.9%); placental concentrations of NOx (+ 22.5%), tetrahydrobiopterin (+ 21.1%), polyamines (+ 20.4%), cAMP (+ 27.7%), and cGMP (+ 24.7%); total amounts of NOx (+ 61.7% to + 96.8%), polyamines (+ 60.7% to + 88.7%), amino acids (+ 39% to + 118%), glucose (+ 60.5% to + 62.6%), and fructose (+ 41.4% to + 57.0%) in fetal fluids; and the placental transport of water (+ 33.9%), Arg (+ 78.4%), glutamine (+ 89.9%), and glycine (+ 89.6%). Furthermore, Arg supplementation increased (P < 0.05) placental mRNA levels for angiogenic factors [VEGFA120 (+ 117%), VEGFR1 (+ 445%), VEGFR2 (+ 373%), PGF (+ 197%), and GCH1 (+ 126%)] and AQPs [AQP1 (+ 280%), AQP3 (+ 137%), AQP5 (+ 172%), AQP8 (+ 165%), and AQP9 (+ 127%)]. Conclusion Supplementing 0.4% Arg to a conventional diet for gilts between d 14 and d 30 of gestation enhanced placental NO and polyamine syntheses, angiogenesis, and water and amino acid transport to improve conceptus development and survival.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%