Nutritional and microbial quality of extruded fish feeds containing black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L) larvae meal as a replacement for fish meal for Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and African sharptooth catfish (Clarius gariepinus)

Recent advances in the utilization of insects as an ingredient in aquafeeds: A review

“…Nowadays, insects are viewed as the most promising and sustainable source of animal protein mainly because of their nutritional value, amino acid composition and ease of propagation ( Iaconisi et al, 2019 ; Gasco et al., 2016 , 2020 ; Biancarosa et al., 2019 ; Tilami et al., 2020 ; Were et al., 2021 ). Many of these insects have shown beneficial conversion factors and productivity, fast life cycles and the ability to grow on a variety of available substrates, yielding high quality and readily assimilated proteins and highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA), as well as vitamins and functional compounds ( Tacon and Metian, 2008 ; Gasco et al., 2016 ; Turek et al., 2020 ; Shafique et al., 2021 ).…”

“…Insects such as the BSF have been extensively studied, not only in fish culture but also in poultry and swine ( Sogari et al., 2019 ). In aquaculture, many studies have revealed positive results when BSF meal was used as a substitute for fish meal for many species such as whiteleg shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei ) ( Richardson et al., 2021 ), barramundi ( Lates calcarifer ) ( Hender et al, 2021 ), climbing perch ( Anabas testudineus ) ( Mapanao et al., 2021 ), Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) ( Were et al., 2021 ), African catfish ( Clarias gariepinus ) ( Fawole et al., 2020 ), Japanese sea bass ( Lateolabrax japonicus ) ( Wang et al., 2019 ), Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) ( Lock et al, 2016 ; Stenberg et al., 2019 ), Siberian sturgeon ( Acipenser baerii ) ( Zarantoniello et al, 2021 ), gilthead sea bream ( Sparus aurata ) ( Randazzo et al, 2021 ), clownfish ( Amphiprion ocellaris ) ( Vargas-Abúndez et al, 2019 ) and in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) ( Cardinaletti et al., 2019 ) to produce food fish. In the aforementioned species, BSF improved various growth parameters as well as the immune response to some diseases affecting aquatic species.…”

Near Infrared Spectroscopy for Prediction of Yeast and Mould Counts in Black Soldier Fly Larvae, Feed and Frass: A Proof of Concept

“…It is also well established that several species of mould can produce mycotoxins, a secondary metabolite that can have adverse health effects in animals upon ingestion [ 22 ]. Previous studies have reported that BSFL reared on homogenous side stream wastes might vary in YMC between 2.0 to 7.0 log CFU/g depending upon the feed source and post-harvest conditions [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Therefore, it will be of importance for the feed industry to monitor YMC in BSFL when reared with different complex organic waste streams.…”