Nutritional advice from George Orwell. Exploring the social mechanisms behind the overconsumption of unhealthy foods by people with low socio-economic status

Larsen, Morten

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2015.04.001

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Previous researchers have suggested that culture influences interpersonal choices, which have not been fully investigated, however ( Weber and Morris, 2010 ). In terms of delay discounting, it is known that East Asians are less likely than North Americans to discount future rewards ( Du et al, 2002 ; Takahashi et al, 2009 ; Kim et al, 2012 ; Ishii et al, 2017 ). Wang et al (2016) conducted a large-scale international survey of time preference and suggested the influences of cultural differences in uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation ( Hofstede et al, 2010 ) on intertemporal choices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural Similarities and Differences in Social Discounting: The Mediating Role of Harmony-Seeking

Ishii

Eisen

2018

Front. Psychol.

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One’s generosity to others declines as a function of social distance, which is known as social discounting. We examined cultural similarities and differences in social discounting and the mediating roles of the two aspects of interdependence (self-expression and distinctiveness of the self) as well as the two aspects of independence (harmony-seeking and rejection avoidance). Using the same procedure that previous researchers used to test North Americans, Study 1 showed that compared to North Americans, Japanese discount more steeply a partner’s outcomes compared to their own future outcomes, whereas the decrease in the subjective value of the partner’s outcomes accelerates less as a function of social distance. To examine the cultural similarities and differences in social discounting in more detail, Study 2 tested Japanese and Germans and found that the hyperbolic with exponent model fitted the participants’ discounting behaviors better than the other models, except for the loss condition in Germans where the utility of the q-exponential model was indicated. Moreover, although the social discounting rate was higher in Japanese than in Germans, the cultural difference was limited to the gain frame. However, the decline in a person’s generosity accelerated less as a function of social distance in Japanese than in Germans. Furthermore, the cultural difference in the social discounting in gains was mediated by the level of harmony-seeking, which was higher in Germans than in Japanese. Implications for individuals’ generosity against the backdrop of cultural characteristics are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural Similarities and Differences in Social Discounting: The Mediating Role of Harmony-Seeking

Ishii

Eisen

2018

Front. Psychol.

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“…In addition, the place and culture where one was raised may affect social norms related to food and intentions to follow healthier or more sustainable diets (Larsen, 2015), the affordability of food (Sleddens et al, 2015), and the type of food one likes (Sato et al, 2016). For example, people with a higher socioeconomic status (SES) and income level follow healthier diets and spend more on organic products as compared to people with lower incomes or SES (Giskes et al, 2010; Kamphuis et al, 2006; Krystallis et al, 2006).…”

Section: Theoretical and Empirical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of food recommendations varying in sustainability: Impact on dietary intake and motivation to follow recommendations

et al. 2017

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Food recommendations increasingly focus on sustainability in addition to nutritional value. By providing participants with standard versus sustainable (plant-based) dietary recommendations for 3 weeks, the present research tested the impact of recommendations on dietary compliance. Furthermore, predictors of food intake were tested across food categories. Participants in the sustainable diet condition complied less with recommendations as compared to those in the standard diet condition and were less motivated to continue complying after the intervention. Taste was the main predictor of intake across food categories. Together, this stresses the importance of considering factors stimulating consumers' compliance when formulating food recommendations.

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“…It has been suggested that financial scarcity is also related to dietary choices that are inconsistent with recommendations for health [ 4 , 24 , 47 – 49 ]. A recent study among Dutch adults reported a negative association between financial scarcity and dietary quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunneling, cognitive load and time orientation and their relations with dietary behavior of people experiencing financial scarcity – an AI-assisted scoping review elaborating on scarcity theory

van der Veer,

Madern,

van Lenthe

2024

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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Background The concept of a financial scarcity mindset has raised much attention as an explanation for poor decision-making and dysfunctional behavior. It has been suggested that financial scarcity could also impair dietary behavior, through a decline in self-control. Underlying cognitive mechanisms of tunneling (directing attention to financial issues and neglecting other demands), cognitive load (a tax on mental bandwidth interfering with executive functioning) and time orientation (a shift towards a present time horizon, versus a future time horizon) may explain the association between financial scarcity and self-control related dietary behavior. The current scoping review gathers recent evidence on how these mechanisms affect dietary behavior of people experiencing financial scarcity. It builds on a theoretical framework based on insights from behavioral economics and health psychology. Methods A literature search was executed in six online databases, which resulted in 9.975 papers. Search terms were tunneling, cognitive load and time orientation, financial scarcity, and dietary behavior. Screening was performed with ASReview, an AI-ranking tool. In total, 14 papers were included in the scoping review. We used PRISMA-ScR guidelines for reporting. Results Limited evidence indicates that a scarcity mindset could increase tunneling, through attentional narrowing on costs of food, which then directly impacts dietary behavior. A scarcity mindset involves experiencing financial stress, which can be understood as cognitive load. Cognitive load decreases attentional capacity, which could impair self-control in dietary choices. Financial scarcity is related to a present time orientation, which affects dietary choices by shifting priorities and decreasing motivation for healthy dietary behavior. Conclusions A scarcity mindset affects dietary behavior in different ways. Tunneling and a shift in time orientation are indicative of an attentional redirection, which can be seen as more adaptive to the situation. These may be processes indirectly affecting self-control capacity. Cognitive load could decrease self-control capacity needed for healthy dietary behavior because it consumes mental bandwidth. How a changing time orientation when experiencing financial scarcity relates to motivation for self-control in dietary behavior is a promising theme for further inquiry.

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Nutritional advice from George Orwell. Exploring the social mechanisms behind the overconsumption of unhealthy foods by people with low socio-economic status

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Cultural Similarities and Differences in Social Discounting: The Mediating Role of Harmony-Seeking

Cultural Similarities and Differences in Social Discounting: The Mediating Role of Harmony-Seeking

Comparison of food recommendations varying in sustainability: Impact on dietary intake and motivation to follow recommendations

Tunneling, cognitive load and time orientation and their relations with dietary behavior of people experiencing financial scarcity – an AI-assisted scoping review elaborating on scarcity theory

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