Nutrition Support Practices for Infants Born &lt;750 Grams or &lt;25 Weeks Gestation: A Call for More Research

Thoene, Melissa; Anderson‐Berry, Ann

doi:10.3390/ijerph191710957

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 37 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Conversely, a single-center cohort study (using historical controls) of infants < 750 g at birth found a reduced incidence of NEC and death after implementing slow advancement protocol (but higher rates of cholestasis) [42]. This result may due to the implementation of a SFP that didn't previously exist or indicate that micropremies (< 750 g or < 25 weeks' gestation) are a unique population [43]. Preterm growth restricted infants and infants with a history of absent or reverse end diastolic flow may also be at increased risk for NEC and TPNassociated liver injury [44][45][46][47].…”

Section: Feeding Advancementmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevention Strategies and Management of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Colarelli,

MD,

Barbian

et al. 2024

Curr Treat Options Peds

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Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious intestinal disease which primarily affects preterm infants. The pathogenesis of NEC is multifactorial. Thus, it is complicated to study, prevent, and manage. Purpose of Review The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of recent research and provide recommendations for the prevention and management of NEC. Currently, management is supportive and non-specific and long-term outcomes for surgical NEC are poor. Recent Findings The most important strategy to prevent NEC is to provide preterm infants with a human milk diet, minimize exposure to antibiotics and avoid medications that disturb the intestinal microbiome. Summary Strategies to optimize the infant’s intestinal microbiome are critical, as disturbances in the intestinal microbiome composition are a major factor in the pathogenesis of this disease. Optimizing maternal health is also vital to prevent prematurity and neonatal morbidity. Ongoing research holds promise for the implementation of new diagnostic modalities, preventive strategies, and medical treatment options to improve outcomes for premature infants.

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Section: Feeding Advancementmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevention Strategies and Management of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Colarelli,

MD,

Barbian

et al. 2024

Curr Treat Options Peds

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Food intolerance in premature babies: possibilities of additional diagnostics

Mavropulo,

Khorosh

2023

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Due to the immaturity of the digestive system and gastrointestinal motility the preterm infants have a critical challenge in establishing adequate enteral nutrition, which is a frequent cause of gastrointestinal complications such as food intolerance and necrotizing enterocolitis. Modern clinical methods of assessing the maturity of the intestines and the child's readiness for enteral nutrition are subjective, this slows down the expansion of enteral nutrition, increases the duration of parenteral nutrition, and accordingly , period of a child`s hospitalizing. Objective methods of diagnosis are needed, which would contribute to the effective diagnosis and monitoring of food intolerance in preterm infants. Therefore, the purpose of our review was to search and summarize literature data on objective methods of diagnosing impaired food tolerance in premature baby, which could to provide daily monitoring, would be safe, cost-effective and easily accessible. Results and their discussion. Accordingly, three leading and most promising methods of examining the newborns gastrointestinal tract were analyzed. The were ultrasound examination (absence or reverse diastolic blood flow in the umbilical artery, high pulsation index in the fetal venous duct, indicators of blood flow in the upper mesenteric artery of the newborn), near-infrared spectroscopy (estimation of oxygen saturation of splanchnic tissue), and auscultation of intestinal sounds (phonoenterogram). Each of these methods has advantages and disadvantages, but to solve these existing problems, there has been recently an increasing amount of research on the bowel sounds using (namely their computerized assessment) as a new diagnostic tool. New research and further study of intestinal murmurs in premature newborns of different gestational ages with the development of clear criteria for data interpretation are needed to assess the maturity of the gastrointestinal tract, to create a diagnosis plan of food intolerance, and to develop an algorithm for early intervention.

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Nutrition Support Practices for Infants Born <750 Grams or <25 Weeks Gestation: A Call for More Research

Abstract: With advances in medical care and efforts to care for continually smaller and younger preterm infants, the gestational age of viability has decreased, including as young as 21 or 22 weeks of gestation [...]

Cited by 2 publications

References 37 publications

Prevention Strategies and Management of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Prevention Strategies and Management of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Food intolerance in premature babies: possibilities of additional diagnostics

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