Nutrition policies and interventions for overweight and obesity: A review of conceptual frameworks and classifications

Díaz-Bonilla, Eugenio; Paz, Flor; Biermayr-Jenzano, Patricia

doi:10.2499/p15738coll2.133584

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…16 A number of global policy frameworks, of different scope, have been developed subsequently to classify potential nutrition actions. 5,11 Some are relevant to specific countries or issues, for example, Food-PRICE in the United States, 81 others focus on agriculture, 82,83 while those encompassing broader food systems tend to be set descriptively at a relatively high level rather than identifying leverage points for potential intervention. 2,3,58 The NOURISHING framework was applied in this study as it is practical and popular; is applicable internationally, yet its focus on obesity and NCDs is highly relevant to high-income economies; provides flexibility to shape local responses; fosters categorisation, reporting and monitoring; and is accompanied by a frequently updated database that provides a global overview of implemented government policy actions.…”

Section: Nutrition Policy Actions In 2013mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,3,58 The NOURISHING framework was applied in this study as it is practical and popular; is applicable internationally, yet its focus on obesity and NCDs is highly relevant to high-income economies; provides flexibility to shape local responses; fosters categorisation, reporting and monitoring; and is accompanied by a frequently updated database that provides a global overview of implemented government policy actions. 5,11,14 Although the list of policy actions captured in the NOURISHING Framework is sizeable, it has been clarified recently on the WCRF website that this should not be taken as exhaustive. 11,13 This study suggests that the NOURISHING framework could be expanded and strengthened to better encompass the health and sustainability dimensions of food systems in a number of areas.…”

Section: Nutrition Policy Actions In 2013mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,11,14 Although the list of policy actions captured in the NOURISHING Framework is sizeable, it has been clarified recently on the WCRF website that this should not be taken as exhaustive. 11,13 This study suggests that the NOURISHING framework could be expanded and strengthened to better encompass the health and sustainability dimensions of food systems in a number of areas. Firstly, by the inclusion of detailed policy actions focused on interventions to promote environmental sustainability in the food systems domain, including those to help reduce carbon footprint, water use, fertiliser use and increase biodiversity.…”

Section: Nutrition Policy Actions In 2013mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of food system and policy frameworks, of different scope, have been developed to classify these potential nutrition policy actions. 5,11 A scoping study to inform development of a new nutrition policy in Australia in 2013 12 provided the opportunity to identify and review nutrition policies of high-income countries (members of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development [OECD]). These countries were considered most likely to have capacity and resources to develop and implement evidence-based nutrition policies that comprehensively addressed key leverage points in food systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This review recently re-analysed the results of one component of that study -the examination of the development process and content of existing international nutrition policies -against a high profile policy framework developed subsequently, the World Cancer Research Fund's NOURISHING framework. 11,13 The framework was designed to help policy-makers, researchers and community organisations identify and advocate for key food policy interventions needed to develop a "comprehensive policy package" to promote healthy diets. 14 The aim of this systematic scoping review was to classify nutrition actions included in the identified policies to assess activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Achieving Food System Transformation: Insights From A Retrospective Review of Nutrition Policy (In)Action in High-Income Countries

Lee

Cullerton

Herron

2020

Int J Health Policy Manag

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Background: Comprehensive nutrition policies are required urgently to help transform food systems to more equitably deliver healthy, sustainable diets. Methods: Literature was searched systematically for nutrition policies of the then 34 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) members as part of a scoping study. Recently, results were re-analysed, against the NOURISHING framework. Results: Twenty-three nutrition policy documents were identified for 19 jurisdictions. Most policy actions focused on the behaviour change communication domain: all (100%) promoted consumption of ‘healthy’ choices. In the food environment domain, most policies included food labelling (84%), product reformulation (68%), providing healthy foods in public institutions (89%, mainly schools), and restricting food advertising (53%), largely through voluntary codes. Relatively few economic tools were being applied. There was very little focus on reducing consumption of ‘unhealthy’ food or drinks. Not all nutrition policy actions identified were covered by the NOURISHING framework. Conclusion: The NOURISHING framework could be expanded to more comprehensively encompass the health and sustainability dimensions of food systems, eg, by detailing optimum governance arrangements. As recently as seven years ago, half of the most developed economies globally did not have a publicly available nutrition policy. Existing policies were dominated by conventional nutrition education approaches, while policy actions targeting food environments, and regulatory and legislative reforms, were rare. This is consistent with a neo-liberal approach centring individual responsibility. No examples of the multi-strategy, inter-sectoral, coordinated, evidence-based policies required to drive systemic transformation were identified. Therefore, it is not surprising that rates of obesity and diet-related conditions have continued to rise in these jurisdictions, nor that governments are currently off-track to deliver the systemic transformation required to meet relevant global health and sustainable development goals.

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Section: Nutrition Policy Actions In 2013mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nutrition Policy Actions In 2013mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nutrition Policy Actions In 2013mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Achieving Food System Transformation: Insights From A Retrospective Review of Nutrition Policy (In)Action in High-Income Countries

Lee

Cullerton

Herron

2020

Int J Health Policy Manag

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Ecological regulation for healthy and sustainable food systems: responding to the global rise of ultra-processed foods

et al. 2023

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Many are calling for transformative food systems changes to promote population and planetary health. Yet there is a lack of research that considers whether current food policy frameworks and regulatory approaches are suited to tackle whole of food systems challenges. One such challenge is responding to the rise of ultra-processed foods (UPF) in human diets, and the related harms to population and planetary health. This paper presents a narrative review and synthesis of academic articles and international reports to critically examine whether current food policy frameworks and regulatory approaches are sufficiently equipped to drive the transformative food systems changes needed to halt the rise of UPFs, reduce consumption and minimise harm. We draw on systems science approaches to conceptualise the UPF problem as an emergent property of complex adaptive food systems shaped by capitalist values and logics. Our findings reveal that current food policy frameworks often adjust or reform isolated aspects of food systems (e.g., prices, labels, food composition), but under-emphasise the deeper paradigms, goals and structures that underlie the rise of UPFs as a systems phenomenon, and its socio-ecological implications. We propose that a ‘leverage points’ framework illuminates where to intervene in food systems to generate multi-level changes, while the theory of ecological regulation highlights how to respond to complex multi-factorial problems, like the rise of UPFs, in diverse ways that respect planetary boundaries. More research is needed to better understand the transformative potential of ecological regulation to advance food systems transformation and attenuate whole of food systems challenges.

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Nutrition policies and interventions for overweight and obesity: A review of conceptual frameworks and classifications

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Achieving Food System Transformation: Insights From A Retrospective Review of Nutrition Policy (In)Action in High-Income Countries

Achieving Food System Transformation: Insights From A Retrospective Review of Nutrition Policy (In)Action in High-Income Countries

Ecological regulation for healthy and sustainable food systems: responding to the global rise of ultra-processed foods

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