NUTRITION OF THE PALE WESTERN CUTWORM, AGROTIS ORTHOGONIA MORR. (LEPIDOPTERA:NOCTUIDAE): III. LYOPHILIZED SPROUTS AND LEAVES OF WHEAT AS A BASAL DIET FOR LARVAE, AND EFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENTATION WITH L-LEUCINE

Abstract

The pale western cutworm, Agrotis onrtlrogonia Rlorr., was reared from q g to adult in the laboratary when supplied with dieis preparcd from etiolated sprouts or 10-clay-old leaves of 'Fhalcher wheat LIlat had been lyophilized, grounrl, and made up to 6(3.7?& tnoi~ture content. A diet that contailled 33.3:; IycphiIizetl, 10-day-old Thatcher leaf and Oh.7':$ water was inferior to one containirtg equal parts of wheat leaf and rellulose powder with the same moisture content. .4lthntrgh larvae fcd a diet w i t h ZSV, leal tissue and 75% celluIose powclcr, on a tlrg-weight hasis, developctl more slowly and were smaller than those Ecd hisher concentntions of l e d , some tnatured and emerged as adults. lt'hen rhe 25"" leaf diet was supplementetl with 11.3 mg of r.-lcrrcine per gram all the larvae died during the first two insmrs. :Itfdition of this quantity of L-leucinc to either the 50Yp leaf or the lyopbilizcd sprout dirts did not have such an enect. These results were interpreter! as being driu to an amino acid imbalance which, as with the rat, becomes apparent only on o subop~imal diet. 'Manuscript

COMPARISON OF TISSUES FROM SOLID‐ AND HOLLOWSTEMMED SPRING WHEATS DURING GROWTH: III. AN ETHER‐SOLUBLE SUBSTANCE TOXIC TO LARVAE OF THE PALE WESTERN CUTWORM, AGROTIS ORTHOGONIA MORR. (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)

“…Although the particular diet may affect the toxicity displayed by the extract, even with our best diet, lyophilized sprouts (McGINNIS & KASTING, 1960), the detrimental effects were evident. Although the particular diet may affect the toxicity displayed by the extract, even with our best diet, lyophilized sprouts (McGINNIS & KASTING, 1960), the detrimental effects were evident.…”

“…Tissues from wheat stems eaten by larvae of the pale western cutworm, Agrotis arthogonia Mort., cause slow growth and limited development . In contrast, either sprouts or young leaves of wheat are excellent foods for this insect (McGINNIS &: KASTING, 1960). Contrary to an earlier report (HOCKING & DEPNER, 1961) it has been shown that larvae of the pale western cutworm do, in fact, utilize dietary protein, and, in quantitatively significant amounts (MCGINNIS & KASTING, 1962).…”

“…All larvae were reared individually as described (MCGINNIS & KASTING, 1960) and records were taken of molting, body weight 2 days after second molt (MCGINNIS & KASTING, 1959a), and mortality. All larvae were reared individually as described (MCGINNIS & KASTING, 1960) and records were taken of molting, body weight 2 days after second molt (MCGINNIS & KASTING, 1959a), and mortality.…”

“…In contrast, either sprouts or young leaves of wheat are excellent foods for this insect (McGINNIS &: KASTING, 1960). In contrast, either sprouts or young leaves of wheat are excellent foods for this insect (McGINNIS &: KASTING, 1960).…”

“…In contrast, either sprouts or young leaves of wheat are excellent foods for this insect (McGINNIS &: KASTING, 1960). It has also been shown that, as with other organisms, an amino acid imbalance is detrimental (McGINNIS & KASTING, 1960). Thus a low concentration of free amino acids in the stem tissues appears not to account for the poor growth and development.…”