Nutrition of the Collared Peccary in South Texas

Gallagher, James F.; Varner, Larry W.; Grant, William E.

doi:10.2307/3801422

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Therefore, digestion of forages in the collared peccary is comparable with that in ruminants (Galagher et al 1984;Comizzoli et al 1997;Nogueira-Filho 2005;Santos et al 2009). Breeders can take advantage of this physiological trait in the peccary by utilizing locally available feed resources in their production systems, such as pupunha (Bactris gasipaes), cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum), cassava, banana pseudo-stem, cassava hulls, babaçu (Orbignya phalerata), and babaçu meal (Garcia et al 2005;Nogueira-Filho et al 2006a;Albuquerque et al 2009;Andrade et al 2011).…”

Section: The Ecological and Economical Advantages And Constraints Of mentioning

confidence: 59%

Wildlife farming: an alternative to unsustainable hunting and deforestation in Neotropical forests?

Nogueira

Nogueira-Filho

2011

Biodivers Conserv

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Wild animals have been a source of food and income through subsistence hunting by forest-dwelling people in Neotropical countries in spite of the fact that hunting appears to be unsustainable as it leads to the depletion of wild fauna. Laws in Brazil and other Latin American countries forbid hunting but allow the commercial use of captivebred animals. Notwithstanding the fact that this is a controversial topic among conservationists, in this paper we propose that wildlife farming in the Neotropics can be an alternative to the over-hunting and deforestation that are carried out for the production of traditional food and pastures for livestock. This review sets out this proposal, and discusses the implications for tropical forest integrity and rural population dependency on forest resources. We discuss the ecological and economical advantages of wildlife farming and its constraints as a conservation tool, using collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) farming in the Amazon region as a model. Productivity levels may reach 19,000 times higher than those obtained from the management of peccaries from forests in the Amazon region. This can be achieved with an easily obtainable diet composed of forest fruits and locally available agricultural by-products. Therefore, establishing captive management programs for peccaries is an effective way of avoiding wild stock depletion, deforestation, and guaranteeing the livelihood of forest dwellers in the Neotropics. However, it is essential that governmental and/or non-governmental agencies be involved in providing subsides to establish peccary farms, provide technical assistance, and introducing peccary captive breeding centers to supply founder stock.

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Section: The Ecological and Economical Advantages And Constraints Of mentioning

confidence: 59%

Wildlife farming: an alternative to unsustainable hunting and deforestation in Neotropical forests?

Nogueira

Nogueira-Filho

2011

Biodivers Conserv

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“…Prior to starting the study, the animals were fed twice a day, at 10:00 h and 16:00 h. The diet comprised a mixture of maize grain, soybean meal, and mineral salts, providing 12% crude protein and 3,300 Kcal/kg of gross energy [30]. The feed was always pre-weighed, corresponding to 3.5% of live weight per animal on a dry matter basis, and then poured into the feeders.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Feeding Unpredictability and Classical Conditioning on Pre-Release Training of White-Lipped Peccary (Mammalia, Tayassuidae)

et al. 2014

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Some authors have suggested that environmental unpredictability, accompanied by some sort of signal for behavioral conditioning, can boost activity or foster exploratory behavior, which may increase post-release success in re-introduction programs. Thus, using white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari), a vulnerable Neotropical species, as a model, we evaluated an unpredictable feeding schedule. Associating this with the effect of classical conditioning on behavioral activities, we assessed the inclusion of this approach in pre-release training protocols. The experimental design comprised predictable feeding phases (control phases: C1, C2 and C3) and unpredictable feeding phases (U1- signaled and U2- non-signaled). The animals explored more during the signaled and non-signaled unpredictable phases and during the second control phase (C2) than during the other two predictable phases (C1 and C3). The peccaries also spent less time feeding during the signaled unpredictable phase (U1) and the following control phase (C2) than during the other phases. Moreover, they spent more time in aggressive encounters during U1 than the other experimental phases. However, the animals did not show differences in the time they spent on affiliative interactions or in the body weight change during the different phases. The signaled unpredictability, besides improving foraging behavior, showing a prolonged effect on the next control phase (C2), also increased the competition for food. The signaled feeding unpredictability schedule, mimicking wild conditions by eliciting the expression of naturalistic behaviors in pre-release training, may be essential to fully prepare them for survival in the wild.

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“…The peccary stomach consists of a gastric pouch, an anterior and upper blindsac and a glandular compartment (Sowls 1978;Langer 1978). The forestomach-constituting 85% of the volume of the total stomach (Langer 1988, p 169)-is the primary site of fermentation (Lochmiller et al 1986), and effective fibre digestibility has been demonstrated in peccaries (Gallagher et al 1984;Comizzoli et al 1997;Nogueira-Filho 2005). However, when comparing different species, fibre and dry matter digestibility in peccaries is not higher than in monogastric wild suids .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Function, size and form of the gastrointestinal tract of the collared Pecari tajacu (Linnaeus 1758) and white-lipped peccary Tayassu pecari (Link 1795)

Schwarm

Ortmann

Rietschel³

et al. 2009

Eur J Wildl Res

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Nutrition of the Collared Peccary in South Texas

Cited by 26 publications

References 8 publications

Wildlife farming: an alternative to unsustainable hunting and deforestation in Neotropical forests?

Wildlife farming: an alternative to unsustainable hunting and deforestation in Neotropical forests?

The Effects of Feeding Unpredictability and Classical Conditioning on Pre-Release Training of White-Lipped Peccary (Mammalia, Tayassuidae)

Function, size and form of the gastrointestinal tract of the collared Pecari tajacu (Linnaeus 1758) and white-lipped peccary Tayassu pecari (Link 1795)

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