Nutrition Modulation of Cachexia/Proteolysis

Siddiqui, Rafat A.; Pandya, Darshak; Harvey, Kevin; Zaloga, Gary P.

doi:10.1177/0115426506021002155

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…This result is somewhat surprising in light of reports that elevated branched-chain amino acid metabolism is characteristic of cancer cells, and that dietary supplementation of BCAA may reduce weight-loss experienced by cancer patients (15,16).…”

Section: Tissue-specific Gene Expression Changes In Metastatic Crcmentioning

confidence: 74%

Tissue-dependent and -independent gene expression changes in metastatic colon cancer

Gmeiner

Hellmann²,

Shen³

2008

Oncol Rep

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Abstract. The goal of this study was to identify systematic alterations in key cell signaling and metabolic pathways that occur during colon cancer carcinogenesis and metastasis. Understanding gene expression changes in the context of specific pathways may increase our understanding of carcinogenesis and help guide treatment. Ten cases, with matched controls, were profiled for expression of >18,000 human transcripts using Affymetrix U133A chips. Data were filtered using GeneSifter™. Gene expression levels for primary colon samples were compared to a normal colon while metastatic tissues were compared to the primary colon. Differentially regulated genes were associated using the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genome pathways to identify cell signaling and metabolic pathways altered during carcinogenesis and metastasis. Primary colon samples displayed high positive z-scores (indicating a gene ontology term that occurs more frequently than expected) for genes involved in Wnt-signaling (4.11), nitrogen metabolism (7.30) and inositol phosphate metabolism (2.47). Expression level changes for individual genes in each cluster were statistically significant (e.g. p=0.017 for cyclin D1 in the Wnt-signaling cluster). Metastatic tissue from the liver and omentum, but not the lung, displayed a decreased expression of genes important for oxidative phosphorylation. The metastatic tissue from all sites displayed a substantially decreased expression for genes involved in butanoate and propanoate metabolism and valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation. Our results demonstrate that systematic changes in gene expression occur for proteins involved in key cell signaling and metabolic pathways during the course of carcinogenesis and metastasis. These expression level changes complement the spectrum of mutations that characterize the progression of colorectal cancer.

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Section: Tissue-specific Gene Expression Changes In Metastatic Crcmentioning

confidence: 74%

Tissue-dependent and -independent gene expression changes in metastatic colon cancer

Gmeiner

Hellmann²,

Shen³

2008

Oncol Rep

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“…It seems to attenuate weight loss, particularly loss of skeletal muscle mass by down‐regulating the increased expression and activity of the ubiquitin–proteasome proteolytic pathway , , . Since EPA has no effects on protein synthesis in muscle, EPA has been combined with nutritional supplements rich in protein and energy, such as branched chain amino acids .…”

Section: Treatment Of Malnutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional screening and early treatment of malnutrition in cancer patients

Santarpia¹,

Contaldo²,

Pasanisi³

2011

J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle

204

139

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BackgroundMalnutrition is a frequent complication in patients with cancer and can negatively affect the outcome of treatments. On the other hand, side effects of anticancer therapies can also lead to inadequate nutrient intake and subsequent malnutrition. The nutritional screening aims to identify patients at risk of malnutrition for prompt treatment and/or careful follow-up.Methods and resultsThis manuscript highlights the need of an interdisciplinary approach (oncologist, nutritionist, dietitian, psychologist, etc.) to empower patients who are experiencing loss of physiological and biological function, fatigue, malnutrition, psychological distress, etc., as a result of cancer disease or its treatment, and maintain an acceptable quality of life.ConclusionsIt is necessary to make all healthcare professionals aware of the opportunity to identify cancer patients at risk of malnutrition early in order to plan the best possible intervention and follow-up during cancer treatment and progression.

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“…6 Experimental evidence suggests that amino acid supplements may also help prevent cachexia. 7,8 In particular, l-leucine helps convert dietary protein to muscle. 9 Researchers treated 84 patients within 2 days of patients experiencing an acute episode of hemorrhoids.…”

Section: Act Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Journal Watch: Context and Applications

Challem

2010

Alternative and Complementary Therapies

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Nutrition Modulation of Cachexia/Proteolysis

Cited by 29 publications

References 149 publications

Tissue-dependent and -independent gene expression changes in metastatic colon cancer

Tissue-dependent and -independent gene expression changes in metastatic colon cancer

Nutritional screening and early treatment of malnutrition in cancer patients

Medical Journal Watch: Context and Applications

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