Nutrition interventions for youth with dyslipidemia: a National Lipid Association clinical perspective

Williams, Lauren; Smith, Connie U.; Bolick, Julie; Carter, Janet; Kirkpatrick, Carol F.; Ley, Sanita; Peterson, Amy L.; Shah, Amy S.; Sikand, Geeta; Ware, Adam L.; Wilson, Don P.

doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2022.07.011

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…In hypercholesterolemia the dietary intervention may include supplementation with stanols and plant sterols, substances structurally similar to cholesterol that inhibit their intestinal absorption. Supplemented commercial products have variable concentrations and can be used as co-adjuvants in lowering LDL-C (approximately 8% reduced TC) [25]. As demonstrated by Grabarczyk et al in a recently published paper in Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism 2022; 28 (2), correctly selected dietary supplements may be an alternative to statins with an equally effective effect in selected pediatric patients [26].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…As demonstrated by Grabarczyk et al in a recently published paper in Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism 2022; 28 (2), correctly selected dietary supplements may be an alternative to statins with an equally effective effect in selected pediatric patients [26]. Dietary restrictions of hypercholesterolemia are not indicated below 2 years of age due to the increased need for dietary fats critical for the growth and development of the nervous system [25]. In hypertriglyceridemia, the initial dietary approach includes decreased sugar and saturated fat consumption, and increase of fish intake (rich in ω-3) [25].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Lipid disorders in children – an underestimated problem

Wójcik¹

2022

pedm

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confidence: 99%

Lipid disorders in children – an underestimated problem

Wójcik¹

2022

pedm

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“…Our research findings suggest that not only FH patients but also their healthy peers in the control group need medical intervention to change eating habits. From the perspective of Williams (2022) [9], a family-oriented approach is needed for pediatric patients with dyslipidemia, among others. Modi [10] mentioned family coping style, which the child perceives during the process of growing up, as one of the modifiable factors in the structure of children's selfmanagement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Cardiovascular Health Integrated Lifestyle Diet on nutritional profile and dietary compliance in Ukrainian pediatric patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia

Мarushko

Kurilina

Kulchytska

2023

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Background. Hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease; it is also a significant contributor to mortality from major adverse cardiovascular events. Medical nutrition therapy and proper physical activity level are all important parts of prevention strategy for patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). The aim of our study was to determine the impact of the Cardiovascular Health Integrated Lifestyle Diet (CHILD-1) on the nutritional profile of patients with FH compared to the healthy peers and to identify possible deviations from the required daily nutrient intake. Materials and methods. Fifteen patients with FH included in the study were interviewed using an adapted Food Frequency Questionnaire. Their nutritional status was assessed with Anthro+ WHO software. The average daily intake of FETA nutrients and its possible correlation with other parameters were analyzed using SAS OnDemand for Academics software. Results. The results suggest a lack of complete dietary compliance in all age groups of patients. Patients with FH aged 5–9 years consumed more fat than recommended daily intake level. There was a significant deficit in vitamin D. Children with FH aged 10–14 years consumed less carbohydrates and fats per day, showed the deficiencies in protein, calcium, iron, iodine, zinc, vitamin D. Patients with FH aged 15–18 years had a slightly increased daily intake of cholesterol and vitamin D deficiency. This age group was the only to exceed the recommended daily cholesterol intake level. Age and gender had no effect on nutrient intake (p > 0.05). A statistically significant gender difference in intake of certain nutrients was recorded at ages 5–9 and 10–14 years only in the group of patients with FH, with higher levels in male patients. Conclusions. The diets of patients with FH and healthy children in all age groups were unbalanced, containing little protein and many non-recommended ingredients. Non-adherence to dietary treatment in patients with FH is associated with a lack of motivation, inadequate education of children and parents and a general lack of medical attention. Treatment of these patients requires a multidisciplinary team with a family-oriented approach that is focused on self-management skills development in a child. The FH management guidelines should include provision of medical nutrition therapy and step-by-step monitoring of growth and development.

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“…If there is insufficient improvement, it may be appropriate to consider a more restrictive diet. For children with elevated TG, limiting saturated fats and refined carbohydrates has been found to be effective [ 34 ]. With this in mind, minimizing intake of sugar-sweetened beverages as much as possible is fundamental when treating children, as these often are inadvertent but significant sources of sugar and empty calories.…”

Section: Atherogenic Dyslipidemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Very little evidence exists to guide the use of nutritional supplements in pediatric dyslipidemias, and the focus of treatment is generally a healthy diet. Further information regarding supplements can be found at the following resource [ 34 ].…”

Section: Atherogenic Dyslipidemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening and Management of Dyslipidemia in Children and Adolescents

Schefelker

Peterson

2022

JCM

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This review provides an overview of pediatric dyslipidemia emphasizing screening and treatment recommendations. The presence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in childhood poses significant risk for the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular events in adulthood. While atherogenic dyslipidemia is the most common dyslipidemia seen in children and can be suspected based on the presence of risk factors (such as obesity), familial hypercholesterolemia can be found in children with no risk factors. As such, universal cholesterol screening is recommended to identify children with these disorders in order to initiate treatment and reduce the risk of future cardiovascular disease. Treatment of pediatric dyslipidemia begins with lifestyle modifications, but primary genetic dyslipidemias may require medications such as statins. As pediatric lipid disorders often have genetic or familial components, it is important that all physicians are aware that cardiovascular risk begins in childhood, and can both identify these disorders in pediatric patients and counsel their adult patients with dyslipidemia to have their children screened.

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Nutrition interventions for youth with dyslipidemia: a National Lipid Association clinical perspective

Cited by 10 publications

References 130 publications

Lipid disorders in children – an underestimated problem

Lipid disorders in children – an underestimated problem

Impact of the Cardiovascular Health Integrated Lifestyle Diet on nutritional profile and dietary compliance in Ukrainian pediatric patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia

Screening and Management of Dyslipidemia in Children and Adolescents

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