Nutrition Intervention as a Preventative Approach to Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

Kloss, Olena; Sharova, Lidia; Suh, Miyoung

doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-2613-9_10

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Many women do not achieve the recommended intake of nutrients during pregnancy (May et al., 2016 ) and deficiencies in any one of the many essential micronutrients can impair placental function and lead to adverse outcomes (Richard et al., 2017 ). Nutritional deficiencies are probably exacerbated by alcohol consumption, which is associated with both poor nutrient intake and altered absorption of many nutrients (Bode & Bode, 2003 ; Kloss et al., 2022 ; Sebastiani et al., 2018 ). The impact of PAE on the micronutrients folate and choline is of particular interest because of their overlapping roles as methyl donors for DNAm, as well as their distinct roles in placental and fetal development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of maternal choline, folate and one‐carbon metabolism in mediating the impact of prenatal alcohol exposure on placental and fetal development

Steane

Cuffe

2023

The Journal of Physiology

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Prenatal alcohol consumption (PAE) may be associated with a broad spectrum of impacts, ranging from no overt effects, to miscarriage, fetal growth restriction and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. A major mechanism underlying the effects of PAE is considered to be altered DNA methylation and gene expression. Maternal nutritional status may be an important factor in determining the extent to which PAE impacts pregnancy outcomes, particularly the dietary micronutrients folate and choline because they provide methyl groups for DNA methylation via one carbon metabolism. This review summarises the roles of folate and choline in development of the blastocyst, the placenta and the fetal brain, and examines the evidence that maternal intake of these micronutrients can modify the effects of PAE on development. Studies of folate or choline deficiency have found reduced blastocyst development and implantation, reduced placental invasion, vascularisation and nutrient transport capability, impaired fetal brain development, and abnormal neurodevelopmental outcomes. PAE has been shown to reduce absorption and/or metabolism of folate and choline and to produce similar outcomes to maternal choline/folate deficiency. A few studies have demonstrated that the effects of PAE on brain development can be ameliorated by folate or choline supplementation; however, there is very limited evidence on the effects of supplementation in early pregnancy on the blastocyst and placenta. Further studies are required to support these findings and to determine optimal supplementation parameters.

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